地理研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (7): 1833-1846.doi: 10.11821/dlyj020170915
• 论文 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2017-09-15
修回日期:
2019-03-26
出版日期:
2019-07-20
发布日期:
2019-07-12
作者简介:
作者简介:高超(1978-),男,安徽全椒人,博士,教授,研究方向为气候变化与水文水资源。E-mail:
基金资助:
Chao GAO1(), Xuewen LI2, Ying XU3, De LI4
Received:
2017-09-15
Revised:
2019-03-26
Online:
2019-07-20
Published:
2019-07-12
摘要:
作物水分供需量是进行科学合理灌溉的重要参考依据,水分供需不平衡也是引起农业旱涝的根本原因。基于淮河流域蚌埠闸以上地区及周边1961—2015年共91个气象站点的日尺度气象数据,借助有效利用系数法计算夏玉米有效降水量,采用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)建议的Penman-Monteith(P-M)公式和作物系数法计算需水量,分析夏玉米水分供需时空变化特征,并探讨典型站点夏玉米生育期内水分盈亏状况。结果表明:① 近55a来,研究区夏玉米全生育期和各生育阶段有效降水量呈南高北低的分布特征,各站点趋势变化不明显;② 夏玉米全生育期和各生育阶段需水量大致呈南低北高的纬向分布,全生育期和各生育阶段呈显著减少趋势,只少数站点未通过显著性检验;③ 夏玉米全生育期和各生育阶段缺水量大致呈纬向分布特征,全生育期和播种-出苗期呈显著减少趋势,其余生育阶段趋势变化不明显。
高超, 李学文, 许莹, 李德. 淮河流域蚌埠闸以上地区夏玉米生育阶段水分供需时空变化特征研究[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(7): 1833-1846.
Chao GAO, Xuewen LI, Ying XU, De LI. Spatial and temporal variations of water supply and demand during the growth stage of summer maize above the Bengbu Sluice in the Huaihe River Basin, China[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(7): 1833-1846.
表3
代表站点夏玉米生育期水分盈亏状况"
代表站点 | 要素 | 播种-出苗 | 出苗-拔节 | 拔节-抽雄 | 抽雄-成熟 | 全生育期 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
蒙城 | 有效降水(mm) | 32 | 74 | 106 | 80 | 292 |
需水量(mm) | 72 | 89 | 205 | 200 | 566 | |
缺水量(mm) | 40 | 15 | 98 | 120 | 273 | |
水分盈亏指数(%) | -0.56 | -0.17 | -0.48 | -0.60 | -0.48 | |
金寨 | 有效降水(mm) | 57 | 86 | 113 | 128 | 384 |
需水量(mm) | 58 | 83 | 211 | 191 | 543 | |
缺水量(mm) | 2 | -3 | 97 | 63 | 159 | |
水分盈亏指数(%) | -0.03 | 0.04 | -0.46 | -0.33 | -0.29 | |
临泉 | 有效降水(mm) | 35 | 70 | 93 | 82 | 280 |
需水量(mm) | 71 | 90 | 207 | 198 | 566 | |
缺水量(mm) | 36 | 20 | 114 | 116 | 286 | |
水分盈亏指数(%) | -0.51 | -0.22 | -0.55 | -0.58 | -0.51 | |
桐柏 | 有效降水(mm) | 40 | 75 | 103 | 111 | 329 |
需水量(mm) | 61 | 83 | 202 | 192 | 538 | |
缺水量(mm) | 21 | 8 | 99 | 81 | 209 | |
水分盈亏指数(%) | -0.34 | -0.09 | -0.47 | -0.42 | -0.39 | |
郑州 | 有效降水(mm) | 17 | 47 | 84 | 84 | 232 |
需水量(mm) | 79 | 101 | 213 | 207 | 600 | |
缺水量(mm) | 63 | 54 | 129 | 123 | 369 | |
水分盈亏指数(%) | -0.79 | -0.52 | -0.60 | -0.59 | -0.61 |
[1] |
秦大河, Thomas Stocker, 259名作者和TSU(驻尼泊尔和北京). IPCC第五次评估报告第一工作组报告的亮点结论. 气候变化研究进展, 2014, 10(1): 1-6.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1719.2014.01.001 |
[Qin Dahe, Stocker T, 259Authors and TSU (Bern & Beijing). Highlights of the IPCC Working Group I fifth assessment report. Climate Change Research, 2014, 10(1): 1-6.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1719.2014.01.001 |
|
[2] | Supit I, Diepen C A, Boogaard H L, et al.Trend analysis of the water requirements, consumption and deficit of field crops in Europe. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2011, 150(1): 77-88. |
[3] | 庞艳梅, 陈超, 潘学标. 1961-2011年四川盆地玉米有效降水和需水量的变化特征. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(增刊1): 133-141. |
[Pang Yanmei, Chen Chao, Pan Xuebiao.Variation characteristics of maize effective precipitation and water requirement in Sichuan Basin during 1961-2010. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, 31(s1): 133-141.] | |
[4] | 刘晓英, 李玉中, 郝卫平. 华北主要作物需水量近50a变化趋势及原因. 农业工程学报, 2005, 21(10): 155-159. |
[Liu Xiaoying, Li Yuzhong, Hao Weiping.Trend and causes of water requirement of main crops in North China in recent 50 years. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2005, 21(10): 155-159.] | |
[5] | 陈超, 庞艳梅, 潘学标, 等. 1961-2012年中国棉花需水量的变化特征. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(12): 2107-2119. |
[Chen Chao, Pang Yanmei, Pan Xuebiao, et al.Variation characteristics of water requirement of cotton in China during 1961-2012. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(12): 2107-2119.] | |
[6] | 杨晓琳, 黄晶, 陈阜, 等. 黄淮海地区玉米需水量时空变化特征比较研究. 中国农业大学学报, 2011, 16(5): 26-31. |
[Yang Xiaolin, Huang Jing, Chen Fu, et al.Comparison of temporal and spatial variation of water requirements of corn in Huang-Huai-Hai farming system region. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2011, 16(5): 26-31.] | |
[7] | 邵晓梅, 严昌荣. 黄河流域主要农作物的降水盈亏格局分析. 中国农业气象, 2007, 28(1): 40-44. |
[Shao Xiaomei, Yan Changrong.Study on the pattern of water requirements of main crops and rainfall in the Yellow River Basin. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2007, 28(1): 40-44.] | |
[8] | 张顺谦, 邓彪, 杨云洁. 四川旱地作物水分盈亏变化及其与气候变化的关系. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(10): 105-111. |
[Zhang Shunqian, Deng Biao, Yang Yunjie.Change of water budget for dryland crops and its response to climate change in Sichuan province. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(10): 105-111.] | |
[9] |
封志明, 杨艳昭, 刘宝勤. 甘肃省农田水分平衡及其时空分布规律. 自然资源学报, 2005, 20(2): 188-194.
doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2005.02.005 |
[Feng Zhiming, Yang Yanzhao, Liu Baoqin.Field water balance and its distribution in Gansu province. Journal of Natural Resources, 2005, 20(2): 188-194.]
doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2005.02.005 |
|
[10] | 马晓群, 马玉平, 葛道阔, 等. 淮河流域农作物旱涝灾害损失精细化评估. 北京: 气象出版社, 2016: 62-78. |
[Ma Xiaoqun, Ma Yunping, Ge Ddaokuo, et al.Fine Evaluation of Drought and Drought Disasters in Crops in Huaihe River Basin. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 2016: 62-78.] | |
[11] | 高晓容, 王春乙, 张继权, 等. 近50年东北玉米生育阶段需水量及旱涝时空变化. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(12): 101-109. |
[Gao Xiaorong, Wang Chunyi, Zhang Jiquan, et al.Crop water requirement and temporal-spatial variation of drought and flood disaster during growth stages for maize in Northeast during past 50 years. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(12): 101-109.] | |
[12] |
雒新萍, 夏军. 气候变化背景下中国小麦需水量的敏感性研究. 气候变化研究进展, 2015, 11(1): 38-43.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1719.2015.01.006 |
[Luo Xinping, Xia Jun.Study on the sensitivity of wheat water requirement under future climate change. Climate Change Research, 2015, 11(1): 38-43.]
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1719.2015.01.006 |
|
[13] | 黄志刚, 王小立, 肖烨, 等. 气候变化对松嫩平原水稻灌溉需水量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(1): 260-268. |
[Huang Zhigang, Wang Xiaoli, Xiao Ye, et al.Effect of climate change on rice irrigation water requirement in Songnen Plain, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(1): 260-268.] | |
[14] | 马晓群, 吴文玉, 张辉. 利用累积湿润指数分析江淮地区农业旱涝时空变化. 资源科学, 2008, 30(3): 371-377. |
[Ma Xiaoqun, Wu Wenyu, Zhang Hui, et al.Analyzing spatial and temporal variations of agricultural drought and waterlog in Jianghuai area through accumulated humidity index. Resources Science, 2008, 30(3): 371-377.] | |
[15] | 康童茜, 刘海, 杨书运, 等. 安庆市夏玉米涝渍灾害指标研究. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(6): 88-94. |
[Kang Tongqian, Liu Hai, Yang Shuyun, et al.Research on the waterlogged indicators of summer maize in Anqing. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2015, 31(6): 88-94.] | |
[16] | 王晓东, 马晓群, 许莹, 等. 淮河流域主要农作物全生育期水分盈亏时空变化分析. 资源科学, 2013, 35(3): 665-672. |
[Wang Xiaodong, Ma Xiaoqun, Xu Ying, et al.Temporal analysis of the crop water surplus deficit index for the whole growth period in the Huaihe Basin. Resources Science, 2013, 35(3): 665-672.] | |
[17] | 吕娜娜, 白洁, 常存, 等. 近50年基于农作物种植结构的新疆绿洲农田蒸散发时空变化分析. 地理研究, 2017, 36(8): 1443-1454. |
[Lv Nana, Bai Jie, Chang Cun, et al.Spatial-temporal changes in evapotranspiration based on planting patterns of major crops in the Xinjiang oasis during 1960-2010. Geographical Research, 2017, 36(8): 1443-1454.] | |
[18] | 刘战东, 段爱旺, 肖俊夫, 等. 旱作物生育期有效降水量计算模式研究进展. 灌溉排水学报, 2007, 26(3): 27-30+34. |
[Liu Zhandong, Duan Aiwang, Xiao Junfu, et al. Research progress on calculation methods of effective rainfall in growing period on dry crop. Journal of Irrigation & Drainage, 2007, 26(3): 27-30+34.] | |
[19] | 姚晓军, 张晓, 孙美平, 等. 1960-2010年中国西北地区水分盈亏量时空特征. 地理研究, 2013, 32(4): 607-616. |
[Yao Xiaojun, Zhang Xiao, Sun Meiping, et al.Spatial-temporal characteristics of water deficit in Northwest China from 1960 to 2010. Geographical Research, 2013, 32(4): 607-616.] | |
[20] | 高歌, 许崇育. 1961-2010年中国十大流域水分盈亏量时空变化特征. 地理学报, 2015, 70(3): 380-391. |
[Gao Ge, Xu Chongyu.Characteristics of water surplus and deficit change in 10 major river basins in China during 1961-2010. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(3): 380-391.] | |
[21] | 张建军, 王晓东. 淮河流域夏玉米关键期水分盈亏时空变化分析. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(21): 100-105. |
[Zhang Jianjun, Wang Xiaodong.Spatial-temporal analysis of the water surplus deficit index for the summer corn’s key period in the Huaihe basin. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2014, 30(21): 100-105.] | |
[22] | 高超, 李学文, 孙艳伟, 等. 淮河流域夏玉米生育阶段需水量及农业干旱时空特征. 作物学报, 2019, 45(2): 297-309. |
[Gao Chao, Li Xuewen, Sun Yanwei, et al.Spatiotemporal characteristics of water requirement and agricultural drought during summer maize season in Huaihe River Basin. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(2): 297-309.] | |
[23] | 李学文. 夏玉米生育期水分供需平衡状况及干旱时空特征: 以淮河流域蚌埠闸以上地区为例. 芜湖: 安徽师范大学, 2018. |
[Li Xuewen.Spatiotemporal characteristics of water supply and demand balance and drought in summer maize growth stages: Taking the above the Bengbu Sluice in the Huaihe River, China as example. Wuhu: Anhui Normal University, 2018.] | |
[24] | 许莹, 马晓群, 王晓东, 等. 淮河流域冬小麦水分亏缺时空变化特征分析. 地理科学, 2013, 33(9): 1138-1144. |
[Xu Ying, Ma Xiaoqun, Wang Xiaodong, et al.Analysis of spatial and temporal variation characteristics of winter wheat water deficiency in Huaihe River Basin. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2013, 33(9): 1138-1144.] | |
[25] | 高超, 陈实, 翟建青, 等. 淮河流域旱涝灾害致灾气候阈值. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(1): 36-44. |
[Gao Chao, Chen Shi, Zhai Jianqing, et al.On threshold of drought and flood disasters in Huaihe River Basin. Advance in Water Science, 2014, 25(1): 36-44.] | |
[26] | 姚永明, 陈玉琪, 张啟祥, 等. 淮北夏玉米生育期气候资源特点和增产栽培技术. 中国农业气象, 2009, 30(增2): 205-209. |
[Yao Yongming, Chen Yuqi, Zhang Qixiang, et al.Climate resources characteristics and the cultivated practice of increase yield of summer corn in the growth period in Huaibei. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2009, 30(Suppl.2): 205-209.] | |
[27] | 李德, 祁宦, 马晓群. 安徽省淮北平原夏玉米主要生育时期旱涝指标与影响评估. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(17): 208-216. |
[Li De, Qi Huan, Ma Xiaoqun.The climate index and assessment about drought and flood in maize’s key growth stage in Huaibei Plain in Anhui Province. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2013, 29(17): 208-216.] | |
[28] | Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D, et al.Crop evapotranspiration: Guidelines for computing crop water requirements FAO irrigation and drainage paper 56. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1998: 37-58. |
[29] | 彭世彰, 索丽生. 节水灌溉条件下作物系数和土壤水分修正系数试验研究. 水利学报, 2004, 35(1): 17-21. |
[Peng Shizhang, Suo Lisheng.Water requirement model for crop under the condition of water-saving irrigation. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2004, 35(1): 17-21.] | |
[30] | 闵瑾如, 贺菊美, 梁红, 等. 北方旱区主要农作物水分供需状况分析. 干旱地区农业研究, 1987(1): 30-42. |
[Min Jinru, He Jumei, Liang Hong, et al.An analysis of major crop water requirements and supplies in rained agricultural area in north China. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 1987(1): 30-42.] | |
[31] | 曹永强, 朱明明, 李维佳. 河北省典型区主要作物有效降雨量和需水量特征. 生态学报, 2018, 38(2): 1-11. |
[Cao Yongqiang, Zhu Mingming, Li Weijia.Effective precipitation and water requirements of crops in Hebei province over 60 years. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(2): 1-11.] | |
[32] | 魏凤英. 现代气候统计诊断与预测技术(第二版). 北京: 气象出版社, 2007: 55-56. |
[Wei Fengying.Modern Climate Statistics Diagnosis and Prediction Technology (Second Edition). Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 2007: 55-56.] | |
[33] | 杨小利, 蒲金涌, 马鹏里, 等. 陆面潜在蒸散计算模型在甘肃黄土高原的适用性研究. 水土保持通报, 2010, 30(2): 184-289. |
[Yang Xiaoli, Pu Jinyong, Ma Pengli, et al.Adaptability of potential evapotranspiration estimation models in the Loess Plateau of Gansu Province. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010, 30(2): 184-289.] | |
[34] | 任艳群, 刘苏峡. 北半球积雪/海冰面积与温度相关性的差异分析. 地理研究, 2018, 37(5): 870-882. |
[Ren Yanqun, Liu Suxia.Different influences of temperature on snow cover and sea ice area in the Northern Hemisphere. Geographical Research, 2018, 37(5): 870-882.] | |
[35] | 刘永婷, 徐光来, 尹周祥, 等. 全球变化背景下安徽近55a气温时空变化特征. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(4): 680-691. |
[Liu Yongting, Xu Guanglai, Yin Zhouxiang, et al.Spatio-temporal change of surface air temperature in Anhui Province in the context of global warming from 1960 to 2014. Journal of Natural Resources, 2017, 32(4): 680-691.] |
[1] | 田庆春, 裴瑜, 石培宏. 可可西里地区中更新世以来气候演化周期特征分析[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(3): 900-911. |
[2] | 刘桂芳, 诸云强, 关瑞敏, 冯亚飞, 刘情, 夏梦琳, 张亚星, 卢鹤立. 大数据时代中国气候变化科学数据共享服务的发展现状与趋势分析[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(2): 571-582. |
[3] | 马超, 崔培培, 钟广睿, 孟梦, 杨城, 马雯思. 气候变化和工程活动对青藏铁路沿线植被指数时空变化的影响[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(1): 35-51. |
[4] | 付阳, 陈辉, 张斯琦, 杨祎, 赵元杰. 基于群落类型的寒区旱区物候特征及其对气候因子的响应——以2000—2019年柴达木盆地为例[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(1): 52-66. |
[5] | 熊思鸿, 阎建忠, 吴雅. 农户生计对气候变化的恢复力研究综述[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(8): 1934-1946. |
[6] | 刘晓琼, 孙曦亮, 刘彦随, 张健, 赵新正, 芮旸. 基于REOF-EEMD的西南地区气候变化区域分异特征[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(5): 1215-1232. |
[7] | 张立娟, 李艳红, 任涵, 王丽园, 朱文博, 朱连奇. 气候变化背景下青冈分布变化及其对中国亚热带北界的指示意义[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(4): 990-1001. |
[8] | 谢舒笛, 莫兴国, 胡实, 陈学娟. 三北防护林工程区植被绿度对温度和降水的响应[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(1): 152-165. |
[9] | 王灵恩,韩禹文,高俊,吕宁,Chris Ryan. 气候变化背景下青藏高原地区游客决策与体验分析[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(9): 2314-2329. |
[10] | 白孟鑫, 郑景云, 郝志新, 张学珍. 20世纪以来美国树木生长响应气候变化敏感度的时空差异[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(4): 822-830. |
[11] | 高新月, 戴君虎, 张明庆. 1965-2014年北京西郊地区植物观赏期对气候变化的响应[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(12): 2420-2432. |
[12] | 吴卓, 戴尔阜, 林媚珍. 气候变化和人类活动对南方红壤丘陵区森林生态系统影响模拟研究——以江西泰和县为例[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(11): 2141-2152. |
[13] | 马超, 刘玮玮, 赵鹏飞, 马雯思, 马威. 1962-2016年达里诺尔流域水、草退化及气候响应[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(9): 1755-1772. |
[14] | 史培军, 王季薇, 张钢锋, 孔锋, 王静爱. 透视中国自然灾害区域分异规律与区划研究[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(8): 1401-1414. |
[15] | 胡实, 莫兴国, 林忠辉. 冬小麦种植区域的可能变化对黄淮海地区农业水资源盈亏的影响[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(5): 861-871. |
|