快速城镇化背景下乡村居民生活圈的重组机制——以昆山群益社区为例

doi:10.11821/dlyj020180451

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乡村居民生活圈伴随着中国快速城镇化不断发生重组,本文选择中国城镇化发展最快的昆山群益社区为案例,运用地理学空间分析方法与社会学半结构化访谈法,解构生活圈并分析其重组过程的内在机制。主要结论如下：① 将乡村居民生活圈解构为居住圈、就业圈和交际圈,三圈重组过程演绎出中国土地城镇化、人口城镇化与人的城镇化之间的调适关系及人的城镇化的滞后性。② 居民生活圈重组与血缘、地缘和业缘变化存在紧密关联,其中业缘是代际间生活圈重组差异的主要原因。③ 快速城镇化空间转型的巨大能量造成居住、就业和社会交往的空间差异性与代际不平衡性。通过对快速城镇化下乡村居民生活圈重组过程与机制研究,为中国推进以人为核心的新型城镇化提供了理论依据。

关键词: 新型城镇化, 空间转型, 生活圈重组, 昆山群益社区

Abstract:

With the rapid urbanization, the life circle of rural residents continues to be reorganized. Focusing on Qunyi Community in Kunshan, the fastest growing urbanization area in China as an example, this study analyzes the internal mechanism in the reorganization process of rural residents' life circle by deconstructing its life circle, based on the geo-spatial analysis method and semi-structured sociological interview method. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) Urbanization is a comprehensive process involving land urbanization, population urbanization and people urbanization. In this process, the life circle of the rural residents can be deconstructed as residence circle, employment circle, and social circle. The reorganization process of the three circles deduces the adjustment relations among land urbanization, population urbanization and human urbanization, therefore it is found that the social circle lags behind the reorganization of the residence and employment circles from the inconsistency of this process, which means the lagging of people's urbanization. (2) Residents' life circle reorganization is closely related with change of relation based on blood, place and work, while the work relation is the main cause for the differences in the intergenerational life circle reorganization and plays a leading role in the process of the life circle reorganization. (3) Rapid urbanization transforms rural space into urban community. The enormous energy of this spatial transformation interrupts the natural transformation process of residents' life circle, resulting in the spatial difference and intergenerational imbalance of residence, production, and social interaction, and affecting the advancement of new-type urbanization. Based on the long-term field investigation for the life circle reorganization of rural residents in developed regions of China, this study reveals the real life of residents, through the research on its process and the reorganization mechanism under the background of rapid urbanization, which provides a theoretical basis for the promotion of new-type urbanization in China.

Key words: new-type urbanization, spatial transformation, life circle reorganization, Qunyi Community of Kunshan

杨山, 杨虹霓, 季增民, 于璐璐. 快速城镇化背景下乡村居民生活圈的重组机制——以昆山群益社区为例[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(1): 119-132.

Shan YANG, Hongni YANG, Zengmin JI, Lulu YU. The reorganization mechanism of the life circle of rural residents under the background of rapid urbanization: Based on the case study of Qunyi Community of Kunshan[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(1): 119-132.

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人员类型	人数/个	走访时段/年	性别			教育程度				工作情况
人员类型	人数/个	走访时段/年	男	女		大学	中学	小学		工厂工人	企业工作人员	服务业从业人员	政府事业单位人员	离退休人员	农民
政府行政人员	3	1998-2001	2	1		2	1	-		-	-	-	3	-	-
退休村干部	6	2001-2011	5	1		-	4	2		-	-	-	-	6	-
乡村一代居民	28	1998-2001	13	15		-	15	13		12	-	3	-	-	13
	28	2001-2011	13	15		-		15		13	21		-	7	-	-	-
	28	2011-2015	13	15	-		15	13	5		-	23	-	-	-
乡村二代居民	15	2011-2015	8	7	11	4	-	2	8	3	2	-	-