撤县（市）设区对城市空间扩展的影响机理——以杭州市为例

doi:10.11821/dlyj020180870

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

城镇化的持续推进对城市空间扩展产生了新的需求,撤县（市）设区是中国城市市辖区实现扩容提质的主要手段之一。以杭州为例,定量测度撤县（市）设区后杭州城区空间扩展的时空特征及其各方面的影响,并探讨了这一区划调整对城市空间扩展影响的作用机理。研究发现：通过撤县（市）设区,杭州城区的建设用地东扩趋势明显,萧山和余杭两区的建设用地新增面积和扩展速度均高于平均水平,且两地建设用地空间存在多中心集聚特征,成为新一轮的杭州建设用地扩展高密度区,城市功能不断凸显。总体来看,撤县（市）设区对城市空间的影响是间接的,具有一定的滞后性,通过引导城市空间扩展的主要方向,实现中心城市人口和产业向新设市辖区的转移和集聚,提供城市空间扩展的载体。撤县（市）设区后需要通过后续的城市规划修编、土地性质和权限调整、生产要素集聚与空间重组等路径,对城市空间扩张与空间演变产生直接影响。

关键词: 撤县（市）设区, 城市空间扩展, 时空特征, 作用机制, 杭州

Abstract:

The continuous promotion of urbanization has created new demands for urban spatial expansion. "Turning counties (cities) into districts" has been one of the main means to enlarge urban area and optimize structure of large cities in China. Taking Hangzhou as an example, this paper quantifies the spatial-temporal characteristics of urban spatial expansion after "Turning counties (cities) into districts", and discusses the mechanism of this administrative division adjustment on urban spatial expansion. The results show that "Turning counties (cities) into districts" has positive effect on urban expansion in Hangzhou. The urban construction land in Hangzhou has been expanding continuously since 2000, especially after "Turning counties (cities) into districts", the trend of eastward expansion of construction land in Hangzhou is more obvious. Specifically speaking, on the one hand, the expansion rate of construction land in Xiaoshan and Yuhang is higher than the average level. On the other hand, construction land in Hangzhou is concentrated in the multi-center of space, the "Core-Periphery" characteristic of construction land in the whole city is weakened. The new construction land is mainly concentrated in the eastern part of the city. Xiaoshan and Yuhang become the new high-density areas for construction land expansion after "Turning counties (cities) into districts", and urban functions continue to be highlighted in these two municipal districts. "Turning counties (cities) into districts" should be regarded as an important driving force for urban expansion, but not the only one. According to the theory of scale and boundary, "Turning counties (cities) into districts" has indirect effects on urban expansion, which requires the following routes: urban planning and revision, adjustment of land properties and privilege, spatial reorganization of production factors. The joint action of all factors affects the urban spatial expansion and spatial evolution, and then affects the evolution of regional structure. It is a comprehensive research topic to study the influence and mechanism of "Turning counties (cities) into districts" on urban space expansion. This paper focuses on the spatial and temporal changes of construction land in new districts before and after "Turning counties (cities) into districts", and explores the interrelationship between "Turning counties (cities) into districts" and other driving forces. This is a necessary prerequisite for the adjustment of administrative divisions, and can provide reference for the future adjustment of urban administrative divisions.

Key words: turning counties (cities) into districts, urban space expansion, spatial-temporal characteristics, mechanisms, Hangzhou

陈妤凡, 王开泳. 撤县（市）设区对城市空间扩展的影响机理——以杭州市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(2): 221-234.

Yufan CHEN, Kaiyong WANG. Influence and mechanism of "Turning Counties (Cities) into Districts" on urban space expansion:Taking Hangzhou as a case study[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(2): 221-234.

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年份	X坐标	Y坐标	迁移速率(m/a)
1990	120°11′49″E	30°16′19″N	-
2000	120°12′15″E	30°16′11″N	70.94
2005	120°12′49″E	30°15′56″N	204.17
2010	120°12′54″E	30°16′03″N	48.80
2015	120°12′57″E	30°16′03″N	16.73

	1990-2000年	2000-2015年	1990-2015年
Moran's I	0.835	0.785	0.839
Z值	68.770	64.764	69.115
P值	0.000	0.000	0.000
标准差	0.00015	0.00015	0.00015

	1990-1995年	1995-2000年	2000-2005年	2005-2010年	2010-2015年
老城区	13.236	0.536	26.526	0.875	3.444
萧山区	2.279	17.272	89.060	0.933	15.831
余杭区	1.357	0.900	40.641	3.672	16.844