乡村振兴规划体系与关键技术初探

doi:10.11821/dlyj020181169

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

推进乡村振兴规划体系与关键技术研究是当前保障乡村振兴战略落实、促进城乡融合发展的重要主题之一。本文深入分析乡村振兴规划内涵和本质特征,探讨乡村振兴规划与相关规划的衔接,构建规划基本体系框架,提出规划关键技术与方法。研究发现：① 乡村振兴规划核心在于从宏观层面科学引导乡村五大发展目标统筹共建,具有宏观战略性、前瞻性、统筹性、综合性等特点。② 乡村振兴规划需以“新型城镇化规划”、“主体功能区规划”等为重要依据,突出对国土空间规划、产业发展规划、乡村建设规划等的引导。③ 为落实乡村振兴战略部署,乡村振兴规划体系框架可以“国家-省-市县”三级规划为基础,以特定目标跨区域规划为辅助。④ 遵循“振兴基础诊断-振兴目标剖析-专项规划制定-保障机制与措施建立”的技术路线,规划内容需重点围绕“二十字方针”,提出差别化的五大发展目标及实现路径或方案。⑤ 需强化乡村地域系统诊断、资源环境承载力评价、地域模式类型甄别等关键技术在规划中的应用,以推进系统化规划技术范式的形成。研究结果有望为推动乡村振兴规划理论体系的建立及各级部门编制乡村振兴规划提供有益参考。

关键词: 乡村振兴, 规划体系, 技术方法

Abstract:

The advance of the Rural Revitalization Planning System and key technologies is critical for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy and urban-rural integration. This paper deeply analyzes the connotation and characteristics of Rural Revitalization Planning and the connections with that of other related plannings. A framework and key technologies for Rural Revitalization Planning are also developed in the study. Main findings indicate that: (1) the Rural Revitalization Planning should primarily concern the guidance towards the integration of the five goals for rural development from a macro perspective and, because of that, it would be strategic, forward-looking, unitary and comprehensive. (2) The guidance towards corresponding plans, particularly Territorial Space Planning, Industry Development Planning and Rural Construction Planning, should be largely addressed in the Rural Revitalization Planning according to current national strategies, notably the New Urbanization Planning and Major Function-Oriented Zone Planning. (3) In line with the three-level ("country-province-county") planning framework, the Rural Revitalization Planning could promote the rural revitalization strategy with the assistance of cross-regional planning under special goals. (4) We proposed a framework following “diagnosis for revitalization - goals for revitalization - special planning - guarantee” for the Rural Revitalization Planning, and the content of the Rural Revitalization Planning, as well as five goals for rural development and paths. (5) The application of key technologies, mainly including methods for the diagnosis of rural system, estimation of the capacity of resources and environment and identification of regional patterns, are profoundly suggested to approach the systematic regulations for Rural Revitalization Planning. The results are expected to promote researches on the theoretical system of the Rural Revitalization Planning and provide practical references for its applications across departments following current hierarchical administrative system.

Key words: rural revitalization, planning system, technique and methods

胡守庚, 吴思, 刘彦随. 乡村振兴规划体系与关键技术初探[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(3): 550-562.

Shougeng HU, Si WU, Yansui LIU. A preliminary study Rural Revitalization Planning and its key technologies[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(3): 550-562.

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	五大内涵	具体内涵
	产业兴旺	农业现代化、产业链延长和梯度层次化等
	生态宜居	生态环境优化、村庄污染降低、环境质量提升等
	乡风文明	公共文化服务体系健全、乡村文化生活丰富等
	治理有效	农村基层党组织建设加强、乡村自治、法治、德治水平提高等
	生活富裕	农村收入水平提高、城乡居民在收入水平和公共保障方面的差距缩小等

规划名称	规划目标
乡村振兴规划	促进乡村“产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕”
国土空间规划	推动各项规划在空间上的统一
美丽乡村规划	规划科学、生产发展、生活富裕、乡风文明、村容整洁、管理民主,宜居、宜业的可持续发展乡村
乡村规划	规划整齐整洁的乡村
一二三产融合规划	明显提高农业竞争力,增加农民收入,增强农村活力

规划范围	规划属性	侧重点
国家层面	战略性、指导性	宏观指导、政策引导
跨区域层面	协同性、区域性	跨区域规划范围及目标研究、区域统筹与协调治理
省级层面	衔接性、综合性	省域规划目标确立、分梯次分类布局制定、政策提出
市县层面	针对性、操作性	地方性规划目标制定、专项规划及详细规划制定