地理研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 326-342.doi: 10.11821/dlyj020200306

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

全球产业转移与GVC区域竞争——基于中国与中南半岛四国的分析

姚作林1,2,3,4(), 金凤君1,2,3(), 陈卓1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
    2.中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
    3.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100049
    4.北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-13 接受日期:2020-09-30 出版日期:2021-02-10 发布日期:2021-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 金凤君
  • 作者简介:姚作林(1990-),男,四川南充人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为经济地理与区域发展。E-mail: 543821263@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA19040403);国家自然科学基金项目(41771134)

Global industrial transfer and GVC regional competition: An analysis based on China and four Indo-China Peninsula countries

YAO Zuolin1,2,3,4(), JIN Fengjun1,2,3(), CHEN Zhuo1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    4. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2020-04-13 Accepted:2020-09-30 Online:2021-02-10 Published:2021-04-10
  • Contact: JIN Fengjun

摘要:

以中国和中南半岛四国为对象,以定量评价全球产业转移背景下的区域全球价值链(GVC)竞争态势为目标,采用多因子综合评价、IRIO投入-产出分析和RCA、GVC指数分析等方法,刻画了21世纪以来全球43个主要经济体、八大类型产业的全球产业转移时空演化特征,同时测算了中国和中南半岛四国的全球产业转移吸引力以及制造业全球竞争力的时空演化格局,并从全球价值链视角分析了中国和中南半岛不同国家、不同产业部门全球价值链GVC参与度指数和GVC地位的区域竞争动态演变趋势。研究发现:① 2000—2014年,中国成为承接全球产业转移规模最大的国家,不同经济体所拥有的资源禀赋和比较优势是吸引全球产业转入最主要的因素。② 2000—2018年间,中国的全球产业转移吸引力水平长期维持在高位水平,整体上优于中南半岛四国。③ 2005—2015年,中国的中高级制造业和高技术制造业在全球制造业层面的竞争优势日益强化,柬埔寨、越南则分别在初级制造业和中低级制造业部门提升了其国际竞争力。④ 中国的整体GVC参与度水平在2005—2015年期间低于越南,但其GVC地位指数却远远领先于中南半岛。

关键词: 全球产业转移, 全球价值链(GVC), 制造业, 区域竞争, 中国, 中南半岛

Abstract:

Taking China and four Indo-China Peninsula countries as research objects, this paper uses the methods of multi-factors comprehensive evaluation, IRIO input-output modeling, comparative advantage index (RCA) and global value chain (GVC) analysis to quantitatively evaluate the spatial and timing situation of regional GVC competitive. It depicts the global industrial transfer characteristics of 43 economies and 8 main industrial types since the beginning of the 21st century, as well as measures the regional evolution trends of industrial transfer-in attraction and global manufacturing competitiveness, and also it analyses the GVC participation and position of different economies and industrial sectors from the perspective of GVC. The conclusions are as follows: (1) In 2000-2014, China became the economy which undertook the largest scale of global industrial transfer-in, and regional resource and comparative advantages originated from different economies were the main factors which attracted global industrial transfer-in most. (2) From 2000 to 2018, China's attractiveness of global industrial transfer-in remained at a high level, which was much higher than the four Indo-China Peninsula countries, but the attractiveness of global industrial transfer-in of China showed a trend of decline due to the increase of production cost in recent years. (3) In 2005-2015, the competitive advantages in middle-level and high-level manufacturing of China had been strengthened continuously all over the world, and Cambodia and Vietnam had respectively enhanced their global competitiveness in primary manufacturing and low-level manufacturing during the same period. (4) China's overall level of GVC participation was lower than Vietnam in 2005-2015, but its GVC position index was far ahead of the four Indo-China Peninsula countries, which indicated that China's leadership and control force in region GVC was dominant.

Key words: global industrial transfer, global value chains, manufacturing, regional competition, China, Indo-China Peninsula