长三角地区地名通名文化景观空间格局及影响因素

doi:10.11821/dlyj020210371

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地名通名是不同地方地名具有共性特点的通用部分,表征人类社会对自然环境和行政区划变迁的认知。梳理多学科视域研究进展诠释地名通名文化景观解析逻辑,基于EOF模型、地理探测器等方法构建地名通名文化景观解析模型,探究长三角地区地名通名文化景观格局及成因。研究发现：① 长三角地名通名文化景观用字比例受河网水系影响最大,地名通名文化景观用字类型丰富度在41个单元中总体呈现内陆到沿海且沿东北-西南方向递减趋势。② 长三角地名通名文化景观分布异质性显著,呈现典型非均衡集聚,空间上形成皖中、苏南、浙北和上海等东西条带状的一级中心位于长三角中部,两个团块状次级中心分列南北;长三角地名通名文化景观分布呈显著空间正相关,空间集聚特征较为明显,热点区为双中心格局且分布于安徽西部和浙江南部等地,冷点区为单中心格局且分布在东部沿海呈纵向连续带状分布。③ 长三角地名通名文化景观分布受自然环境和社会经济综合影响明显,主要分布在海拔0~200 m、地形起伏度小于20 m、坡度小于5°的平原地带,人口集聚、经济发展水平和交通便捷性对地名通名传承影响深远。地名通名文化景观解析模型研究有助于提升地名命名科学性和规划管理协调度,为推动地名文化遗产保护提供有益参考。

关键词: 地名通名, EOF模型, 地理探测器, 空间分布, 长三角

Abstract:

The universal parts of place names common characteristics in different places, and they represent the human society's cognition of the natural environment and the changes in administrative divisions. This paper combines the research results of multidisciplinary perspective to interpret the analysis logic of the cultural landscape of place names. Based on the EOF model, geographic detectors and other methods, it also constructs an analytical model of the cultural landscape of place names to explore the pattern and motivation of the cultural landscape of place names in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD). This study found that: (1) The richness of the word types used in the cultural landscape of place names in the YRD shows a decreasing trend along the northeast-southwest direction from the inland to the coast. (2) The cultural landscape of the YRD has significant spatial heterogeneity. The first-level center is in a "Z" shape in the central part, and the two clumped secondary centers are arranged in the north and south. There is a significant positive spatial correlation. The spatial agglomeration is obvious, characterized by a distribution pattern with the northwest and southeast as hot spots, the eastern coast as cold spots, and the surrounding areas as sub-hot and sub-cold areas. (3) The cultural landscapes of place names in the YRD are mainly distributed in the plains with an altitude of 0-200 m, terrain undulations less than 20 m, and slopes less than 5°. Population concentration, economic development level and traffic conditions have a far-reaching impact on the development and inheritance of cultural landscapes of place names. This research helps to improve the scientificalness of naming places and the coordination of planning management.

Key words: generic place names, EOF model, geographic detector, spatial distribution, Yangtze River Delta

马仁锋, 陈佳锐. 长三角地区地名通名文化景观空间格局及影响因素[J]. 地理研究, 2022, 41(3): 764-776.

MA Renfeng, CHEN Jiarui. The spatial pattern and influencing factors of the cultural landscape of generic place names in the Yangtze River Delta[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2022, 41(3): 764-776.

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阶段	主导思路	研究主体	研究特征	研究工具
传统地名	经验主义	地名本体	描述、归纳	质性研究（文献考证、美学法）
现代地名	实证主义、结构主义	地名本体、地名文化景观	系统、应用、批判	定量研究、案例研究

特征向量	1	2	3	4	5	6
方差贡献（%）	62.62	20.69	7.58	4.31	2.62	1.19
累计方差贡献（%）	62.62	83.31	90.89	95.2	97.82	99.01

坡度（°）	地名通名文化景观（个）	占比（%）
<5	1256	82.79
5~15	145	9.56
15~25	94	6.20
>25	22	1.45

坡向	坡向范围（°）	地名通名文化景观（个）	占比（%）
北坡	0~45,315~360	412	27.16
东坡	45~135	340	22.41
南坡	135~225	382	25.18
西坡	225~315	383	25.25
阳坡	90~270	787	51.88
阴坡	0~90,270~360	730	48.12

	高程（x1）	起伏度（x2）	坡度（x3）	坡向（x4）	河网密度（x5）	路网密（x6）	GDP（x7）
起伏度（x2）	0.054505
坡度（x3）	0.050362	0.032509
坡向（x4）	0.048496	0.033179	0.030797
河网密度（x5）	0.238961	0.226257	0.221602	0.196663
路网密度（x6）	0.290432	0.285862	0.287664	0.286336	0.313293
GDP（x7）	0.240136	0.234195	0.232622	0.227240	0.284712	0.320242
人口密度（x8）	0.202446	0.202179	0.201081	0.190580	0.268964	0.298776	0.24988