地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 1948-1962.doi: 10.11821/dlyj020210818

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跨地区生计及其变迁视角下流动人口城镇住房分层的特征及其影响因素

林李月1,3(), 朱宇2,3(), 林坤4   

  1. 1.福建师范大学地理研究所, 福州350007
    2.上海大学亚洲人口研究中心,上海 200444
    3.湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室,福州 350007
    4.福建省福安市第一中学,福安 355099
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-13 接受日期:2022-02-15 出版日期:2022-07-10 发布日期:2022-07-07
  • 通讯作者: 朱宇（1961-）,男,福建闽清县人,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要研究方向人口迁移流动、城市化与区域发展研究。E-mail: Zhu300@fjnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:林李月（1985-）,女,福建霞浦县人,博士,研究员,硕士生导师,主要研究方向为人口迁移与城乡发展。E-mail: lly30@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41971168);国家自然科学基金项目(41971180);福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01145)

Characteristics and determinants of the floating population's urban housing stratification in China: From the perspective of multi-locational household arrangements and their changes

LIN Liyue1,3(), ZHU Yu2,3(), LIN Kun4   

  1. 1. Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
    2. Asian Demographic Research Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
    3. Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, China
    4. Fu'an No.1 Middle School of Fujian Province, Fu'an 355099, Fujian, China
  • Received:2021-09-13 Accepted:2022-02-15 Published:2022-07-10 Online:2022-07-07

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摘要：

在跨地区生计及其变迁的视角下,将流动人口在流入地和流出地城镇的住房状况有机结合,借助2016年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据和相匹配的城市特征数据,运用描述统计和多层次回归模型,探究流动人口城镇住房分层的特征及其影响因素。结果发现,流动人口的城镇住房已形成了一个从低到高依次由无城镇产权房、有城镇产权房（流出地或流入地城镇产权房）和多区域城镇产权房构成的“三阶四级式”的“金字塔型”结构。模型结果显示,流动人口个体及家庭的社会经济条件和流出地的区位禀赋是其实现城镇住房自有的重要基础和财务支撑,流入城市的经济发展水平、房价和城市规模仅对流入地和多区域城镇产权房有显著影响。因此,本文挑战了流动人口住房条件差的刻板印象,并吸引人们关注流动人口跨地区生计及其变迁对其城镇住房的影响,拓展了当代中国城镇住房分层研究的视角。

关键词: 城镇住房分层, 流动人口, 跨地区生计

Abstract:

Using data from the 2016 China Migrant Dynamic Survey and the corresponding data on the characteristic of relevant cities, this paper first provides an updated and comprehensive study on the urban housing stratification of the floating population, and then uses multilevel multinomial logit model to estimate its determinants, based on the perspective of multi-locational household arrangements and their changes. The results show that the floating population′s urban housing stratification is characterized by the “three ranks” and “four levels”: the “three ranks” are composed of those who do not own any housing unit at the lowest rank, those owning one housing unit in an urban place of either origin or destination, and those owning more than one housing units in multiple urban locations at the highest rank, and the “four levels” consist of those who do not own any housing unit at the first level, those owning one housing unit in an urban place of origin at the second level, those owning one housing unit in an urban place of destination at the third level, and those owning more than one housing units in multiple urban locations at the highest level. Our findings also demonstrate that with the advancement of China′s urban and mobility transitions, some of the floating population in China has already had their owner-occupied housing in the destination cities and/or cities or towns of their places of origin, suggesting a significant change in the floating population′s housing conditions and their spatial arrangements. The results of the MMLM show that while the socio-economic conditions of the floating population at both the individual and family levels and the location endowment of their places of origin are important basis and financial foundation for the realization of their urban housing ownership, the per capita GDP, housing price and city size of the destination cities only affect the floating population′s housing ownership in their destination cities and in multiple urban locations. Our conclusions challenge the traditional stereotype of poor housing conditions of the floating population, provide a new perspective for urban housing stratification research in contemporary China, and call for more attention to the effects of multi-locational household arrangements and their changes of the floating population on their urban housing stratification.

Key words: urban housing stratification, floating population, multi-locational household arrangements