关键词: 孤岛化, 传统地域文化景观, 整体性保护, 保护模式, 甪直镇

Abstract: Landscape "islanding" is a typical pattern of landscape fragmentation resulting from landscape ecological processes. The phenomenon is related to the integrity, continuity of traditional culture landscapes and their network. Landscape "islands" are characteristical phenomena when the integrity of landscapes is disturbed, or even destroyed. The discontinuity of landscapes and their surroundings resulted in landscape "islands", and the landscape isolation phenomena. Two results are mainly involved in a traditional culture landscape space isolation: a isolation pattern and significant spatial gradient changes of landscapes. There are four types of traditional culture landscape: residential and living space, production space, ecological space and connection space Its land-use can be further classified into 9 categories, 18 sub-categories and 45 specific types. Landscape isolation indexes include direct related indexes and general indexes. General indexes include landscape patch density, corridor density, and landscape fragmentation index. Direct related indexes mainly include traditional culture landscape heterogeneity index and landscape isolation index. During a landscape isolation characteristic study of sample spaces, the grading standard of landscape isolation index (L) was set as L_ij<1 for no "islanding" phenomena, 1<L_ij<4 for moderate "islanding", 4<L_ij<8 for significant "islanding", and L_ij>8 for serious "islanding." Based on landscape isolation evaluation, the traditional landscape heterogeneity indexes of three different zones in Luzhi, Jiangsu are H₁=0.12, H₂=0.67, and H₃=0.08. Therefore, landscape isolation index (L_ij=H_i/H_j) is L₂₁=H₂/H₁=5.58 between region Ⅱ and region Ⅰ, L₃₁=H₃/H₁=0.4 between region Ш and region Ⅰ. According to preset isolation standards, the landscape isolation index (5.58) which specified the heterogeneity between the core of ancient areas and the modern landscape areas, displays a significant "islanding" pattern. Only one of the four sides of core area has not been impacted by landscape modernization, while the other three of them are occupied by modern urban landscape and modern industrial landscapes. The landscape isolation index of region Ш is just 0.4 indicating no "islanding" phenomenon, since it is mainly facing a traditional farmland and buildings in the ancient area. In Luzhi, the landscape isolation has two types, and the islanding phenomena are mainly addressed in the form and function. For the coordination research on traditional culture landscape conservation and modern development, landscape isolation researches are the key and important approaches to establish the balance among conservation, landscape resources use and local modernization. The conclusions are: (1) A traditional culture landscape space conservation does not only pursue for a lower "islanding" index, but also will do help to regional sustainable development. A integration of isolation index, urbanization rate, industrialization index together would facilitate a sustainable development system to achieve multiple objectives; (2) through a rational layout and land-use planning of industry, urban construction and agriculture, a development can be achieved with a smaller environmental impacts and a lower cost; (3) Planning solutions, including conservation zoning policies, reinforced landscape heritage corridors and landscape ecological networks, will help to reconnect traditional culture landscapes to resist fragmentation processes. Research of traditional culture landscape isolation and conservation suggested that there are still problems which need further explorations, including how to establish equilibrium methods and index systems between traditional culture landscape conservation and regional modernization development.

Key words: isolation, traditional culture landscape, holistic conservation, protection models, Luzhi town