南京大都市区建设用地扩张特征与机理

doi:10.11821/dlyj201403003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作为全球城市化最快的地区之一，中国建设用地的扩张引起了广泛的关注。以长三角北翼中心城市南京为例，利用遥感、土地利用调查等数据研究大都市区建设用地扩张的过程、格局与机理。研究表明，1985-2007年南京市在工业化、城市化和国际化的推动下经济快速增长，引致了建设用地的扩张，年均增长率为3.14%。2001年后随着城市发展模式由单中心向多中心转换，建设用地呈加速扩展趋势。南京市建设用地扩展具有明显的沿长江和南北交通走廊轴向发展的特征。开发区和新城建设是南京市建设用地扩张的主要方式。区、县尺度的回归分析表明，人口增加、全球化是城镇工矿用地扩张的重要推手；经济的服务业化有利于土地集约利用，减少对用地的需求，这种影响在城区更大；在分权化竞争中，都市区政府具有更强的控制力。

关键词: 建设用地扩张, 空间特征, 驱动机理, 南京市

Abstract: With the rapid process of mass urbanization, the great expansion of construction land is becoming an astonishing phenomenon in China. Integrating official land use statistics and remote sensing data, this study investigated the process and mechanism of construction land expansion in Nanjing metropolitan area, which is the central city in the north wing of Yangtze River Delta (YRD). We employed the method of sector analysis, concentric analysis and gradients analysis to describe the construction land expansion process, and the panel data regression to model the mechanism. It was found that industrialization, urbanization and internationalization were three major driving forces during the period from 1985 to 2007. The construction land was expanded dramatically in this period, with an average annual growth of 3.14%. Since 2001, with the transition of urban growth from a monocentric city to a polycentric city, urban sprawl speeded up. The annual average construction land expansion in the period of 2001-2007 was 1.48 times and 5.86 times faster than those in the period of 1995-2001 and 1985-1995, respectively. The construction land expansion has obvious characteristics - expanding along the Yangtze River and transportation-oriented development. The rising of development zones and new towns is the main reasons for construction land expansion in Nanjing. Using the regression model, this study also found that urban expansion is highly related to the increase of non-agricultural population, foreign direct investment (FDI), and tertiary sector at the county-level scale. It is clear that population growth and globalization are driving forces behind the rapid urbanization. In addition, the process of tertiarization is helpful for improving the efficiency of land use, which has generated more effects on cities' built-up areas in terms of urban expansion. In the decentralization context, metropolitan government has strong control capacity over land use using the tools of urban planning and allocation of land-use quota. As such, the urban expansion is mainly occurring around built-up areas. In addition, although there is a trend of polycentric development in Nanjing, urban function has not decentralized to the newly-built-up areas with the polycentric development. We thus suggested that it is necessary to improve service sector, and to enhance planning and land use management in order to achieve smarter growth.

Key words: construction land expansion, spatial characteristics, mechanisms, Nanjing City

陈江龙, 高金龙, 徐梦月, 陈雯. 南京大都市区建设用地扩张特征与机理[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(3): 427-438.

CHEN Jianglong, GAO Jinlong, XU Mengyue, CHEN Wen. Characteristics and mechanism of construction land expansion in Nanjing metropolitan area[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2014, 33(3): 427-438.

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