Spatial distribution and analysis of land-based influencing factors of economical housing projects in Beijing
DANG Yunxiao1,2,3, ZHANGWenzhong1,2, LIU Zhilin4
1. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural ResourcesResearch, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;
4. School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Abstract：Economical housing projects have been regarded as an important method to solve housing issues of low-income families in China. Despite the heightened political will expressed by the central government, the local implementation of economical housing programs remains highly contentious and unsatisfactory. The media have consistently reported on the "unexpected consequences" associated with economical housing programs, such as residential segregation, poverty concentration, home-work separation. Existing literature tends to focus on housing affordability and equity issues in Chinese cities and the evolution and framework of economical housing policy in China. Few studies have focused on the local implementation of economical housing programs as determined by the strategic decision making of city governments. Although many scholars have stressed that land-based interests of city governments determine urban development patterns, empirical evidence on the impact of government's land-based interests on economical housing policies has rarely been published.
This paper attempts to provide an institutional explanation for economical housing projects policy implementation in Chinese cities. We argue that the location of economical housing projects is a result of local government strategic policy implementation on the basis of its fiscal and political interest. Our main hypothesis is that, while local governments account for policy implementation, land-based interest drives economical housing projects to be located to certain sites that would minimize land-based revenue loss. Besides, removing pressure, housing market structure and public transportation are important factors that influence local governments'policy implementation. Using Beijing as the case study, we employed both GIS spatial analysis method and Logistic model. Based on the spatial distribution and influencing factors that impact the layout of economical housing projects in Beijing, we found that: (1) Construction speed of initiated economical housing projects in Beijing was slowing down. (2) Newly-built economical housing projects were spreading to the urban fringe and tended to gather at some sub-districts. (3) Land price was an important factor which influenced government's decision on the location of economical housing projects. In order to reduce financial revenue loss, local governments chose sub-districts with low land price to construct economical housing projects. (4) Local governments were more likely to choose sub-districts with less old houses and more rental households.
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2014, Vol. 33 
