神农架石笋记录的近200年东亚季风变化及其ENSO响应

doi:10.11821/dlyj201501007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过湖北省神农架永兴洞石笋(编号:YX92)²³⁰Th年龄和纹层计数年代学研究,建立了1788AD-1956AD时段年际分辨率石笋氧同位素序列。该序列δ¹⁸O值变化范围为-9.70‰~-7.87‰,最大振幅约达1.83‰,呈现显著的年代际尺度振荡旋回特征。功率谱分析结果揭示存在显著的60~70年准周期信号。该记录与同区域和尚洞石笋δ¹⁸O曲线具有很好的重现性,说明其可能受控于共同的气候因子,指示了东亚夏季风大尺度环流特征。将石笋重建的东亚夏季风指标与全印度夏季降水量指示的印度夏季风指数对比,结果显示两者在年代际旋回特征上具有很好的相似性,但是呈反相位关系。进一步与ENSO指数对比,发现东亚夏季风年代际尺度变化与ENSO存在密切联系,表现为东亚夏季风增强,对应于ENSO暖期,反之亦然。因此,东亚季风与印度季风在年代际尺度上的反相位关系可能源于两者对ENSO机制的不同响应。

关键词: 石笋, 氧同位素, 东亚季风, ENSO, 永兴洞

Abstract:

An annually-laminated and ²³⁰Th-dated stalagmite oxygen isotope (δ¹⁸O) record from Yongxing Cave, central China, provides an average annual resolution East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) history covering from 1788-1956. The δ¹⁸O values of stalagmite show variations ranging from -9.70‰ to -7.87‰ (VPDB), with an amplitude as large as ~1.83‰. The δ¹⁸O profile exhibits clear inter-decadal oscillations over the past ~200 years. A comparison of δ¹⁸O records from Yongxing Cave and Heshang Cave, both located in the mid-low Yangtze River Valley, shows a close similarity during their contemporaneous growth periods. The two duplicated stalagmite δ¹⁸O records suggest that oxygen isotopic variations are primarily caused by climate change, possibly related to the EASM changes. Power spectral analysis of the δ¹⁸O data indicates that the EASM varies at a periodicity of ~60-70 years (above the 95% confidence level). The changes in EASM are comparable to Indian summer monsoon (ISM) changes derived from all Indian summer rainfall (JJAS) over the past ~200 years. The comparison result shows a broad similarity on inter-decadal timescale between the EASM and ISM, but in an opposite sense, with a correlation coefficient of 0.47 (n=141, P<0.001). Furthermore, the EASM and ISM records are compared to a unified ENSO proxy (UEP), which is revealed by Principal Component Analysis of 10 commonly used ENSO proxies. On inter-decadal timescale, weak/strong EASM and strong/weak ISM intervals are linked to cool/warm ENSO phases. This observation might suggest a strengthening influence of ENSO on decadal Asian monsoon variability.

Key words: oxygen isotope (δ18O), stalagmite, East Asian monsoon, ENSO, Yongxing Cave

赵侃, 陈仕涛, 崔英方, 汪永进, 程海. 神农架石笋记录的近200年东亚季风变化及其ENSO响应[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(1): 74-84.

Kan ZHAO, Shitao CHEN, Yingfang CUI, Yongjing WANG, Hai CHENG. East Asian monsoon changes and its ENSO response revealed by a 200-year stalagmite record from Yongxing Cave on the Mountain Shengnonjia[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2015, 34(1): 74-84.

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Sample Number	²³⁸U(ppb)	²³²Th (ppt)	²³⁰Th/²³²Th(atomic×10^-6)	²³⁰Th/²³²Th activity	δ²³⁴U^*measured	[²³⁰Th/²³⁸U]activity	Age Un-orrected	Age Co-rrected	Age(AD) Corrected	δ²³⁴U_initial^**Corrected
YX92-8 mm	351±0.8	723±10	14±4	3±1	486.9±3.6	0.0018±0.0005	129±39	88±44	1919±11	487±4
YX92-26 mm	431±0.8	1242±25	16±2	16±1	475.9±2.3	0.0028±0.0001	209±28	152±49	1862±49	476±2
YX92-73 mm	238±0.4	1184±24	14±2	11±2	482.8±3.4	0.0041±0.0005	305±36	208±78	1806±78	483±3
YX92-111 mm	319±0.8	108±3	88±7	3±0.4	461.0±3.5	0.0018±0.0001	135±10	129±11	1879±11	461±4
YX92-145 mm	367±0.6	875±18	28±2	3±0.3	488.4±2.1	0.0041±0.0002	298±16	252±37	1762±37	489±2
YX92-155 mm	290±0.6	206±7	57±11	5±0.3	494.9±4	0.0024±0.0005	178±34	164±35	1844±35	495±4