1990年以来中国地理学之地缘政治学研究进展

doi:10.11821/dlyj201502001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地缘政治学脱胎于政治地理学,这种血缘关系决定了地理学在中国地缘政治研究和国家地缘战略的构建中的基础性作用。首先基于结构现实主义国际关系原理,运用地理学空间思维和现代组织行为学等理论,探讨了中国在崛起过程中修正地缘战略和树立地缘目标的重要性,认为和平崛起的中国需要地缘大思维,而地理学尤其是世界地理学,应首当其冲担当重任。在此基础上,系统梳理了中国地理学在地缘政治学领域的研究进展、主要成就以及存在的问题。研究表明：经过半个多世纪的发展,中国地理学的地缘政治学学科队伍不断壮大,学术成果精彩纷呈,并在重大领域有所突破。但其发展依然存在理论体系尚不完整、学科定位不清晰、优秀成果不足、过度依附西方思维等问题。鉴于此,提出了未来中国地理学在地缘政治学研究的主要努力方向。

关键词: 地缘政治学, 地缘战略, 世界地理学, 中国地理学, 研究进展

Abstract:

The world is undergoing profound changes and restructuring. Resulted from the rise of China, the shifting of world power center and the restructuring of the international order are bound to put forward a new theoretic demand for geopolitical research in China, and bring new opportunities for the development of China's geography. Geopolitics is born from political geography, thus geographers can play a fundamental role in Chinese geopolitical studies and national geopolitical strategies. Having experienced two stages of development from importing the western theories to self-reflection since the founding of P. R. China, studies on Chinese geopolitics are entering the stage of indigenous innovation recently. This paper summarized the achievements and analyzed the deficiencies of Chinese geographers in the fields of geopolitics in the past half a century. Chinese geopolitics has made great progress in team building and academic achievements and some breakthroughs in some aspects recently. However, some problems still exist in Chinese geopolitical research. Firstly, the theoretical system is not yet complete and the academic community is disunited. Secondly, the disciplinary position is not clear, resulting in limited academic development potential. Thirdly, compared with other subjects, Chinese geography, the basic subjects of geopolitics and geo-economic study, is in an obvious weak position. So there is a serious shortage of outstanding achievements. Fourthly, the current research mainly focuses on the phenomenon description, and the mechanism examination is insufficient. Lastly, China's geographers have excessively relied on western thinking, and are lack of independent value judgments. On the basis of the above points, the authors suggest an action plan of strengthening Chinese geopolitical research, including the studies of geopolitical philosophy and methodology, geopolitics basic theory, global geopolitical situation and the major geostrategic powers, and the analysis of China's surrounding geopolitical environment.

Key words: geopolitics, geostrategy, world geography, Chinese geography, research progress

杜德斌, 段德忠, 刘承良, 马亚华. 1990年以来中国地理学之地缘政治学研究进展[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(2): 199-212.

Debin DU, Dezhong DUAN, Chengliang LIU, Yahua MA. Progress of geopolitics of Chinese geography since 1990[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2015, 34(2): 199-212.

图/表 2

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期刊	1990-1995年			1996-2000年		2001-2005年			2006-2010年			2011-2013年
期刊	刊文(篇)		比例(%)		刊文(篇)	比例(%)		刊文(篇)	比例(%)	刊文(篇)	比例(%)	刊文(篇)	比例(%)
地理学报	1	0.2		1	0.2	2	0.3		0	0		7	1.2
地理研究	1	0.4		4	3.0	0	0		0	0		2	0.3
地理科学	0	0		2	0.5	4	0.6		2	0.3		6	0.9
地理科学进展	0	0		5	2.3	0	0		2	0.3		9	1.4
人文地理	14	3.3		17	3.5	12	1.7		9	1.0		4	0.2
经济地理	3	0.6		4	0.7	9	0.7		14	0.8		5	0.4
世界地理研究	3	7.5		15	7.9	23	5.6		22	5.3		13	5.3