基于FCD数据的城市有效路网密度评价——以广州荔湾区和越秀区为例

doi:10.11821/dlyj201503012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出一种基于FCD数据的城市有效路网密度的评价方法,主要是从城市路网的静态布局结构和动态交通流量两个方面对城市路网数据以及FCD数据进行核密度估计分析,得到城市有效路网密度等级的分布特征,继而通过理论与实际道路网密度等级差异对比分析,发现路网中差异区域,为城市路网规划提供可靠的依据。以广州市中心城区越秀、荔湾内的主要路网数据以及2010年五一期间中心城区内出租车的FCD数据为例,利用上述评价方法进行分析得出以下结论：区域内人民中路、人民南路、白云路、中山六路和中山七路路段的理论与实际密度等级差异性明显,表现为路段上密度核的数量与核影响范围差异大,其中尤为突出的是人民中路和人民南路,从理论有效路网密度的分析角度,两个路段都是高密度区域,与实际交通流量存在较大的密度分异。

关键词: 路网, 浮动车数据, 有效路网密度, 核密度估计

Abstract:

The paper puts forward an evaluating method of urban valid density based on FCD. It mainly applies the kernel density estimation (KDE) for network data and floating car data (FCD) to analyze the characteristics of effective network density level distribution from two aspects: the static layout of the structure and dynamics traffic of urban road network. And then it analyzes the differences of density distribution between the theoretical simulation and the actual conditions, finds out the differences in regional road network, and provides a reliable basis for the urban road network planning. This paper uses KDE to analyze the FCD gathered from the downtown of Guangzhou during the May Day holiday in 2010 and the main road networks in Yuexiu and Liwan districts. The following conclusions can be drawn: In terms of the number of density nuclei and nuclear scopes, there are great differences among these roads, such as Renmin Central Road, Renmin South Road, Baiyun Road, Zhongshan Six Road and Zhongshan Seven Road, especially Renmin Central Road and Renmin South Road. From the perspective of theoretical analysis, the effective road network density of the two roads is high, but the actual traffic flows reflect that they are low density areas. This phenomenon shows that there is a traffic waste of resources. On the whole, according to the results of comparative analysis of road network and FCD, we can solve the problems in the urban road network, which can provide us some reliable basis for the future design of urban road network and rational planning of transport.

Key words: road network, floating car data, effective road network density, kernel density estimation

马林兵, 魏慧丽, 曹小曙. 基于FCD数据的城市有效路网密度评价——以广州荔湾区和越秀区为例[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(3): 541-554.

Linbing MA, Huili WEI, Xiaoshu CAO. Evaluating the effective density of urban road network based on FCD: A case study of Liwan and Yuexiu districts in Guangzhou[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2015, 34(3): 541-554.

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字段	数据格式	实例	描述
LICENSEPLATENO	VARCHAR2(20)	粤AO77U5	车牌号
IN_DATE	DATE	2010-5-1 17:52:26	入库时间
GPS_TIME	DATE	2010-5-1 17:52:26	信号时间
LONGITUDE	CHAR(10)	113.26657	经度
LATITUDE	CHAR(9)	23.19069	纬度
HEIGHT	CHAR(9)	0	高度(均为0)
SPEED	CHAR(3)	56	速度
DIRECTION	CHAR(3)	170	角度(方位角)
EFF	CHAR(1)	1	有效标识(1代表有效,0代表无效)
CAR_STAT1	CHAR(1)	5	4空车,5重车

道路等级	平均车流量(车/小时)
道路等级	内环内	内外环之间	外环内
快速路	2938	2786	2770
主干道	2441	2107	2098
次干道	891	485	598
支路	268	161	156

路段名称	基于FCD的密度核个数	基于路网的密度核个数
东风路	8	9
中山路	4	9
荔湾路	2	2
康王路	4	3
人民路	3	6
解放路	5	4
北京路	2	2
白云路	0	1