文化旅游地空间生产背景下居民社会空间感知模型与实证研究——基于对周庄古镇的调查

doi:10.11821/dlyj201504014

地理研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 762-774.doi: 10.11821/dlyj201504014

文化旅游地空间生产背景下居民社会空间感知模型与实证研究——基于对周庄古镇的调查

郭文¹(), 黄震方²(), 王丽³

1. 浙江工商大学旅游与城市管理学院, 杭州 310018
2. 南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京 210046
3. 无锡商业职业技术学院旅游管理学院, 无锡 214153

收稿日期:2014-08-18 修回日期:2014-12-23 出版日期:2015-04-10 发布日期:2015-04-10
作者简介:
作者简介：郭文（1978- ）,男,山西汾西人,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为旅游空间生产、社会文化地理和旅游地理。E-mail: guowen@mail.zjgsu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金项目（13CGL076）;国家自然科学基金项目（41271149）;教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（11YJCZH047）;江苏省高校“青蓝工程”优秀青年骨干教师培养计划基金项目;浙江工商大学高层次人才启动基金项目（1040XJ2314008）

A structural equation model for the empirical study of resident perception of social space in the context of space production at cultural tourist destination:Based on a survey of Ancient Town of Zhouzhuan

Wen GUO¹(), Zhenfang HUANG²(), Li WANG³

1. College of Tourism and Urban Management, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
2. College of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
3. School of Tourism Management, Wuxi Institute of Commerce, Wuxi 214153, Jiangsu, China

Received:2014-08-18 Revised:2014-12-23 Online:2015-04-10 Published:2015-04-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在田野调查基础上,采用SPSS 18.0和AMOS 17.0数据统计软件对周庄文化旅游地空间生产背景下的居民社会空间感知进行了统计和处理,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析,对居民社会空间感知模型以及不同职业和类型居民感知差异进行了测度研究,结果显示：① 周庄居民社会空间感知总体上存在由利益关联、价值效能和情感眷恋组成的三维结构。② 在感知次序上,呈现“利益关联→价值效能→情感眷恋”递减分异规律,本质上反映了深层结构是一种经济表层→社会感知→心理感知从外而内的感知规律。居民并未因具有参与旅游开发的机会权能而表现出对旅游开发的全面认同,在社会认同感知和心理认同感知层面还未得到深入,反映的居民社会空间感知是一个充满矛盾的感知结构。③ 不同职业和类型居民因参与旅游内容或程度不同对三维结构同样存在依次递减的分异规律,且每类群体间存在差异状态。研究认为,高质量的社会空间感知具有认知结构的全面性,居民社会空间感知结构的不平衡性对增进旅游空间生产的社会凝聚力提出新的诉求,提高居民空间参与程度和感知需要从有限参与→发展参与→充分参与的路径逐步改善。研究对周庄古镇旅游理性发展和可持续发展具有一定启发。

关键词: 旅游空间生产, 居民社会感知, 文化旅游地, 周庄

Abstract:

Based on the field research, the statistics for resident perception of social space are processed with SPSS18.0 and AMOS17.0 in the context of space production at the cultural tourism destination, Ancient Town of Zhouzhuang. And the measurement research on residents' social space perception model as well as perception differences between and among different types of residents with different occupations is undertaken by means of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis as well. The study arrives at the following results: Firstly, the analysis of subjects shows that there exists a three-dimension structure in the resident perception of social space, that is, Interest Connection, Value Efficiency and Emotion Attachment; Secondly, the phenomenon of decreased differentiation in perception level is discovered, specifically, from the Interest Connection to the Value Efficiency, and then down to Emotion Attachment; In essence, it reflects the perception rule, a kind of deep structure from the outside layer of economy to social perception, and then to the core of psychological perception. The tested residents do not show overall recognition on tourism development even though they are endowed the chance power of participating in the tourism development on the one hand, on the other hand, the fact that the social identity perception and the psychological identity perception have not been deepened yet presents a contradictory structure in the resident social space perception; Thirdly, successively decreased differentiation is also found in the above-mentioned three-dimension structure for different types of residents with different occupations due to the difference in the content or degree of tourism participation. What's more, difference between each type of group is found. The study comes to the following conclusion: Highly-qualified social space perception assumes comprehensiveness in cognition structure; the imbalance in the resident perception structure of social space triggers new demands upon promoting the social cohesion concerning the production of tourism space; To further advance the resident space participation degree as well as perception, the step-by-step efforts shall be made through the following path, that is, from limited participation to developmental participation and then to a full one. The modest study is hoped to be of any significance for the rational and sustainable tourism development of the Ancient Town of Zhouzhuang.

Key words: the production of tourism space, social perception of residents, cultural tourism destination, Zhouzhuang

郭文, 黄震方, 王丽. 文化旅游地空间生产背景下居民社会空间感知模型与实证研究——基于对周庄古镇的调查[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(4): 762-774.

Wen GUO, Zhenfang HUANG, Li WANG. A structural equation model for the empirical study of resident perception of social space in the context of space production at cultural tourist destination:Based on a survey of Ancient Town of Zhouzhuan[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2015, 34(4): 762-774.

图/表 8

表1

表2

图1

表3

表4

表5

表6

测量指标重要性及均值"

测量变量	均值	重要性	一致性	社会空间感知维度	社会空间感知总值
X₁	3.27	0.1834	$λ max = 5.2227 CI = 0.05567 CR = 0.0497$	F₁利益关联	3.979
X₂	3.27	0.1657
X₃	3.12	0.1957
X₄	3.50	0.2368
X₅	3.66	0.1738
X₆	3.34	0.2281
X₇	3.31	0.2494	$λ max = 6.5325 CI = 0.1065 CR = 0.0859$	F₂价值效能	3.370
X₈	3.26	0.1155
X₉	3.27	0.0624
X₁₀	3.37	0.2365
X₁₁	3.27	0.1282
X₁₂	3.43	0.2179
X₁₃	2.91	0.2577	$λ max = 5.3376 CI = 0.0844$ $CR = 0.0754$	F₃情感眷恋	3.217
X₁₄	3.86	0.2361
X₁₅	3.76	0.1917
X₁₆	2.06	0.1311
X₁₇	3.08	0.1834

表6

图2

参考文献 34

[1]	郭文. 江南文化古镇旅游空间生产研究. 南京: 南京师范大学博士学位论文, 2013.
	[Guowen. On the production of tourism space of cultural ancient town in the South Yangtze River. Nanjing: Doctoral Dissertation of Nanjing Normal University, 2013.]
[2]	Lefebvre H.The Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell, 1991.
[3]	Castells N.The City and Grassroots. London: Edward Arnold, 1983.
[4]	Soja E.Third Space: Journeys to Los Angeles and Other Real-And-Imagined Places. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996.
[5]	Harvey D.Social Justice and the City. London: Edward Arnold, 1973.
[6]	Smith N.Uneven Development: Nature, Capital and the Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell, 1984.
[7]	Frisvoll S.Power in the production of spaces transformed by rural tourism. Journal of Rural Studies, 2012, 28(4): 447-457.
[8]	Kirby A.The production of private space and its implications for urban social relations. Political Geography, 2008, 27(1): 74-95.
[9]	郭文. “空间的生产”内涵、逻辑体系及对中国新型城镇化实践的思考. 经济地理, 2014, 34(6): 33-39.
	[Guowen. Connotation, logical system and its reflections of production of space on Chinese new urbanization practice. Economic Geography, 2014, 34(6): 33-39.]
[10]	刘怀玉. 现代性的平庸与神奇: 列斐伏尔日常生活批判哲学的文本学解读. 北京: 中央编译出版社, 2006.
	[Liu Huaiyu.The Mediocrity and Magic of Modernity: Textological Interpretation of Lefebvre's Critical Theory on Everyday Life. Beijing: Central Compilation and Translation Press, 2006.]
[11]	冯雷. 当代空间批判理论的四个主题: 对后现代空间论的批判性重构. 中国社会科学, 2008, 30(3): 40-51.
	[Feng Lei.The four themes of contemporary critical theories of space: The critical reconstruction for post modern space theory. Social Sciences in China, 2008, 30(3): 40-51.]
[12]	黄震方, 黄睿. 基于人地关系的旅游地理学理论透视与学术创新. 地理研究, 2015, 34(1): 15-26.
	[Huang Zhenfang, Huang Rui.The theoretical perspective and academic innovation of tourism geography based on human-environment interactions. Geographical Research, 2015, 34(1): 15-26.]
[13]	Cochrane J.Tourism, partnership and a bunch of old fossils: Management for tourism at the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 2008, 3(2): 156-167.
[14]	Brunt P, Courtney P.Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 1999, 26(3): 493-515.
[15]	刘炜, 李百浩. 湖北古镇的空间形态研究. 武汉理工大学学报, 2008, 30(3): 99-102.
	[Liu Wei, LI Baihao.Research on the spatial patterns of the ancient town of Hubei. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2008, 30(3): 99-102.]
[16]	唐小飞, 黄兴, 夏秋馨, 等. 中国传统古村镇品牌个性特征对游客重游意愿的影响研究: 以束河古镇、周庄古镇、阆中古镇和平遥古镇为例. 旅游学刊, 2011, 26(9): 53-59.
	[Tang Xiaofei, Hyang Xing, Xia Qiuxin, et al.The impact of brand personalized characters of traditional ancient villages on tourists' intention of revisit: A case of Shuhe, Zhouzhuang, Langzhong and Pingyao Ancient Towns. Tourism Tribune, 2011, 26(9): 53-59.]
[17]	汪侠, 甄峰, 吴小根, 等. 旅游开发的居民满意度驱动因素: 以广西阳朔县为例. 地理研究, 2010, 29(5): 841-851.
	[Wang Xia, Zhen Feng, Wu Xiaogen, et al.Driving factors of resident satisfaction with tourism development: A case study of Yangshuo in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Geographical Research, 2010, 29(5): 841-851.]
[18]	李文兵. 古村落游客忠诚模型研究: 基于游客感知价值及其维度视角. 地理研究, 2011, 30(1): 37-48.
	[Li Wenbing.Study on tourist loyalty model of ancient village: Based on the tourist perceived value and its dimensions. Geographical Research, 2011, 30(1): 37-48.]
[19]	黄燕玲, 黄震方. 农业旅游地游客感知结构模型与应用: 以西南少数民族地区为例. 地理研究, 2008, 27(6): 1455-1465.
	[Huang Yanling, Huang Zhenfang.A study on the structural equation model and its application to tourist perception for agri-tourism destinations: Taking southwest minority areas as an example. Geographical Research, 2008, 27(6): 1455-1465.]
[20]	Dogan G, Kyungmi K, Muzaffer U.Perceived impacts of festivals and special events by organizers: An extension and validation. Tourism Management, 2004, 25(2): 171-181.
[21]	EIizabeth F, Bill F.Host community reactions: A cluster analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 2000, 27(3): 763-778.
[22]	郭文, 王丽, 黄震方. 旅游空间生产及社区居民体验研究: 江南水乡周庄古镇案例. 旅游学刊, 2012, 27(4): 28-38.
	[Guo Wen, Wang Li, Huang Zhenfang.Study on the production of tourism space and residents'experience: A case study of Zhouzhuang ancient water town in the south Yangtze River. Tourism Tribune, 2012, 27(4): 28-38.]
[23]	崔波. 城市化中失地农民空间感知与身份认同: 以西安城乡结合部被动失地农民为例. 城市观察, 2010, (5): 98-108.
	[Cui Bo.On the spatial apperception and identity of the land-displaced farmers in urbanization: A case study of Xi'an. Urban Insight, 2010, (5): 98-108.]
[24]	宋伟轩, 吕陈, 徐旳. 城市社区微观空间意象研究: 基于南京居民250 份手绘草图的比较. 地理研究, 2011, 30(4): 709-722.
	[Song Weixuan, Lv Chen, Xu Di.Study on spatial image of community based on comparison of 250 sketch maps drawn by residents in Nanjing. Geographical Research, 2011, 30(4): 709-722.]
[25]	王纯阳, 屈海林. 村落遗产地社区居民旅游发展态度的影响因素. 地理学报, 2014, 69(2): 278-288.
	[Wang Chunyang, Qu Hailin.Study on influencing factors of residents' attitudes towards tourism development of village heritage sites. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(2): 278-288.]
[26]	Gursoy D, Kendall K W.Hosting mega events e modeling locals support. Annals of Tourism Research, 2006, 33(3): 603-623.
[27]	Chen C, Chen P.Resident attitudes toward heritage tourism development. Tourism Geographies, 2010, 12(4): 525-545.
[28]	杜宗斌, 苏勤, 姜辽. 乡村旅游地居民社区归属感模型构建及应用: 以浙江安吉为例. 旅游学刊, 2013, 28(6): 65-74.
	[Du Zongbin, Su Qin, Jiang Liao.A structural model of residents' sense of community in rural tourism destinations and its application: A case study of Anji county in Zhejiang province. Tourism Tribune, 2013, 28(6): 65-74.]
[29]	衣传华, 黄常州. 旅游地居民对主题景区旅游影响的感知与态度: 以常州环球恐龙城为例. 地理研究, 2013, 32(6): 1166-1171.
	[Yi Chuanhua, Huang Changzhou.Residents' perception and attitude of the tourism impact of the Global Dinosaur Town in Changzhou city. Geographical Research, 2013, 32(6): 1166-1171.]
[30]	冯生尧, 谢瑶妮. 扎根理论:一种新颖的质化研究方法. 现代教育论丛, 2001, (6): 51-53.
	[Feng Shengyao, Xie yaoni. Grounded theory: A new qualitative research method. The Modern Education Journal, 2001, (6): 51-53.]
[31]	Hair J F, Anderson R E, Tatham R L, et al.Multivariate Data Analysis. 5th edn. Upper River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1998.
[32]	Straub D.Validating Instruments in MIS. MIS Quarterly, 1989, 13(2): 223-235.
[33]	吴明隆. 问卷统计分析实物: SPSS操作与应用. 重庆. 重庆大学出版社, 2010.
	[Wu Minglong.Statistical Analysis of the Questionnaire Material: SPSS Operation and Application. Chongqing: Chongqing University Press, 2010.]
[34]	周尚意, 杨鸿雁, 孔翔. 地方性形成机制的结构主义与人文主义分析: 以798和M50两个艺术区在城市地方性塑造中的作用为例. 地理研究, 2011, 30(9): 1566-1575.
	[Zhou Shangyi, Yang Hongyan, Kong Xiang.The structuralistic and humanistic mechanism of placeness: A case study of 798 and M50 art districts. Geographical Research, 2011, 30(9): 1566-1575.]

项目	类别	频数	有效百分比（%）	项目	类别	频数	有效百分比（%）
性别	男	170	51.52	家庭结构	未婚	24	7.27
性别	女	160	48.48		已婚,无小孩	70	21.21
年龄	≤18	16	4.85		已婚,有小孩	230	69.70
	19~39	85	25.76	其他		6	1.82
	40~49	120	36.36	月收入	1000元及以下	16	4.85
	50~59	89	26.97		1001~2000元	40	12.12
	≥60	20	6.06		2001~3000元	64	19.39
学历	初中及以下	190	57.57		3001~4000元	102	30.91
	高中	70	21.21	4001~5000元		80	24.24
	大专	36	10.91	5001~8000元		25	7.58
	本科	35	10.61	8000元以上		3	0.91

可靠性统计量			KMO和Bartlett的检验
Cronbach's α	基于标准化项的Cronbach's α	题项	取样足够度的KMO度量	Bartlett的球形度检验
Cronbach's α	基于标准化项的Cronbach's α	题项	取样足够度的KMO度量	近似卡方	df	Sig.
0.888	0.892	20	0.845	1326.965	190	.000

测量变量	EFA因素载荷	CFA因素载荷	提取公共因子	特征根与旋转后方差载入/%	Cronbach's α	CR	AVE
X₁	0.872	0.98	F₁利益关联	7.091/25.670	0.907	0.895	0.60
X₂	0.862	0.96
X₃	0.803	0.72
X₄	0.801	0.69
X₅	0.734	0.59
X₆	0.666	0.60
X₇	0.941	0.96	F₂价值效能	2.745/24.356	0.916	0.916	0.653
X₈	0.920	0.95
X₉	0.902	0.92
X₁₀	0.678	0.67
X₁₁	0.673	0.69
X₁₂	0.574	0.57
X₁₃	0.897	0.95	F₃情感眷恋	1.995/19.581	0.859	0.863	0.566
X₁₄	0.838	0.84
X₁₅	0.772	0.65
X₁₆	0.713	0.67
X₁₇	0.710	0.59

标度	标度	标度	含义
1	具有相同重要性	2、4、6、8	表示上述相邻判断中间值
3	前者比后者稍重要	2、4、6、8	表示上述相邻判断中间值
5	前者比后者明显重要	倒数	若因素x_i与x_j的重要性之比为b_ij,因素x_j与x_i的重要性之比则为b_ji=1/b_ij
7	前者比后者强烈重要
9	前者比后者极端重要

文化旅游地空间生产背景下居民社会空间感知模型与实证研究——基于对周庄古镇的调查

A structural equation model for the empirical study of resident perception of social space in the context of space production at cultural tourist destination:Based on a survey of Ancient Town of Zhouzhuan

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 34

相关文章 2

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	吴丽敏, 黄震方, 曹芳东, 周玮. 旅游城镇化背景下古镇用地格局演变及其驱动机制——以周庄为例[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(3): 587-598.
[2]	周玮, 黄震方, 曹芳东, 吴丽敏, 梁艳艳. 主题型文化旅游地属性对旅游者场所依恋的驱动效应——以常州春秋淹城为例[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(8): 1528-1540.