地理研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 1383-1396.doi: 10.11821/dlyj201607013

• 国外城市地理动态 • 上一篇    

西班牙的房地产泡沫:城市化与城市建设

Onofre Rullan1(), SòniaVives-Miró1, JesúsM.GonzálezPérez1, 尹子潇2, 顾朝林2(), 陈明玉2   

  1. 1. 西班牙巴利阿里群岛大学地理学系, 帕尔玛 07122,西班牙
    2. 清华大学建筑学院城乡规划系, 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-03 修回日期:2016-05-24 出版日期:2016-07-30 发布日期:2016-07-26
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:Onofre Rullan(1958- ),男,教授,研究方向为地理学。E-mail: orullan@uib.es

  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDA026)

Urbanisation and construction of the real estate bubble in late capitalism in Spain

Rullan Onofre1(), Vives-Miró Sònia1, M. González Pérez Jesús1, Zixiao YIN2, Chaolin GU2(), Mingyu CHEN2   

  1. 1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Illes Balears/Balearic Islands, Palma 07122, Spain
    2. School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2016-03-03 Revised:2016-05-24 Online:2016-07-30 Published:2016-07-26

摘要:

聚焦于西班牙1996-2007年间的房地产泡沫,此次危机与西班牙前两次经历的地产泡沫有着相似的背景条件:将住房建设作为利好投机性投资。但几次泡沫供给结构却不同:此次住房供给主要为分散式,不同于以往的集中供应;旅游地产大量出现;房屋拥有型社会形成。作者认为供给结构的改变并非危机的主要原因,并提出了造成房地产泡沫的四个关键要素:符合一定条件的土地、土地规划的配合、充足的资金与可获得的土地所有权。结论是:政策的制定直接影响土地利用、发展规划、金融系统与个人资产、造成住房由使用品变为投机投资的对象、银行体系信用缺乏保障,最终导致了住房库存量陡增,大量房屋拆除事件与失业率攀升等经济和社会方面的不良影响。

关键词: 房地产泡沫, 城市化, 建设, 土地规划, 西班牙

Abstract:

This is a paper about the housing bubble in Spain between 1996-2007, pointing out that all the three real estate bubbles took place in a political and economic context favorable towards the construction of houses as speculative investment. The significant changes in the configuration of the supply is noteworthy: the huge growth of the dispersed urban supply surpassed the most traditional concentrated supply; the role of tourism as a generator of purely real estate demand stands out; home ownership experienced a spectacular overturn in the second half of the 20th century. All these could not lead to the bubble unless these four key factors are fulfilled: qualified territory, supportive urban planning, money and available land ownership. The conclusion is that the implementation of policies promoted not only the transformation of housing into goods for exchange-rather for use-but also the flowed credit from banks. The real estate bubble finally indicated its most harmful effects on economy and institution, in terms of a large quantity of unsold homes, evictions and the unemployed.

Key words: real estate bubble, urbanization, construction, land use planning, Spain