地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 1925-1934.doi: 10.11821/dlyj201610011

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

海岸沙丘形态对台风响应的初步观测

董玉祥1,2(), 黄德全1, 张雪琴1,3   

  1. 1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州 510275
    2. 中山大学新华学院,广州 510520
    3. 四川省德阳市国土资源局,德阳 618000
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-06 修回日期:2016-08-03 出版日期:2016-10-26 发布日期:2016-10-26
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：董玉祥（1964- ）,男,河南西平人,博士,教授,主要研究方向为海岸风沙地貌。E-mail: eesdyx@mail.sysu.edu.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41371030）

Preliminary observation of morphological responses totyphoon of coastal dunes

Yuxiang DONG1,2(), Dequan HUANG1, Xueqin ZHANG1,3   

  1. 1. School of Geography and Planning and Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation,Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    2. Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, China
    3. Bureau of Land Resource Management of Deyang City, Deyang 618000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2016-05-06 Revised:2016-08-03 Online:2016-10-26 Published:2016-10-26

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

被引次数

1

摘要：

基于2014年第10号强台风“麦德姆”登陆前后福建平潭岛海岸前丘、爬坡沙丘、横向沙丘和沙席等海岸沙丘形态的高精度测量数据,分析了典型海岸沙丘在台风登陆前后的形态变化,初步总结了华南海岸风沙地貌形态的台风响应模式。结果表明：4类典型海岸沙丘在台风“麦德姆”登陆前后的形态变化较大且主要是以体积减小和沙丘高度降低为主,测点高程的平均变化值为0.22 m,样区海岸沙丘体积平均减小0.59%,测点高程变化的平均值为高度降低0.05 m,但不同类型海岸沙丘及其不同部位的响应变化并非一致且存在较大差异,此与台风“麦德姆”的强侵蚀力及不同海岸沙丘的形态及其下伏地形、表面植被分布等的差异有关。

关键词: 海岸沙丘, 形态响应, 台风, 观测

Abstract:

Pingtan Island is located in the sea of eastern Fujian Province, which is one of the typical coastal aeolian landform regions in China, well known for its typical shape, volume and less human disturbance. On the Pingtan Island coast, which was taken as the research region for the observation of coastal dunes' morphological responses to typhoon, four areas were chosen as the field observation sample areas, separately representing the four types of coastal aeolian landforms such as coastal foredune, coastal transverse dune, coastal sand sheet and climbing dune. By using high-precision RTKGPS technology and surveying method, the elevation data before and after typhoon landed at 931 observation points and 15 transect belts in four sample areas were measured. Based on the high-precision surveying data over the four typical coastal dunes in Pingtan Island before and after the 10th typhoon (Matmo) in 2014, the morphological change of the four types of coastal dunes in response to the typhoon Matmo event is analyzed. The typical observation results suggest that the basic feature of the impact of typhoon Matmo on the morphological change of coastal dunes in Pingtan Island is the reduction of volume and height. The average elevation change of the 931 observation points in the four sample areas is 0.22 m, and the average elevation of all the observation points decreased by 0.05 m. The volume of four coastal dunes in the four sample areas reduced at an average of 0.59% after the typhoon Matmo landing, the biggest volume reduction is 2.20%, which was observed in the coastal foredune sample areas. However, the magnitudes of morphological responses are different in different types of coastal dunes and different sites over the coastal dunes. For example, the volume and height of coastal sand sheet was found to increase after the typhoon Matmo landing while other types of coastal dunes decreased. For the coastal climbing dunes the highest decrease in height was at the middle site of windward slope in front of coastal climbing dune and the smallest decrease in height was at the top site of windward slope in front of coastal climbing dune. The basic reasons for the impact of typhoon Matmo on the morphological change of coastal dunes are the strong wind erosion, the landform under the coastal dunes, the shape of coastal dunes and the differences of the distribution of coastal dunes' surface vegetation.

Key words: coastal dune, morphological responses, typhoon, observation