关键词: 手机信令数据, 就业区, 通勤特征, 上海市

Abstract:

Commuting features which are of great significance in urban Study have long been concerned. Due to the lack of information about working place in Chinese census data, researches on this topic have relied on traditional data such as questionnaire data in a rather long time. As a result, studies on temporal-spatial commuting characteristics are not refined enough yet. The development of information and communication provides new data, concepts and methods for commuting study, which offers an opportunity for a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of commuting features. Using the cellphone signaling data within two consecutive weeks in 2014 in Shanghai, China, this paper selects three typical employment areas, which are Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Jinqiao Economic Development Zone as well as Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone to analyze the commuting features respectively and comparatively from four aspects: employment and residence, spatial commuting features, temporal commuting features and commuting by subway. The results show that: (1) Zhangjiang is relatively well self-balanced with the shortest commuting distance; employees here live close to their working place and over a half of them live just in the Park. (2) Jinqiao, having few housing supplies inside and poor rail transportation condition, is typical single-employment; many employees here live surrounding the Zone. (3) Lujiazui, with a rather high proportion of employees live in the central city, is city-interactive; although the inner commuting is still a small part and the commuting distance is not very short, employees here can commute quite conveniently in general. How the six main factors, which are location, transportation condition, scale, industry types as well as land use inside and nearby, contribute to different types of employment areas is then discussed. The results can be instructive for the planning and construction of employment areas. Corresponding planning suggestions are put forward for different patterns of employment areas in the end. For self-balanced ones, increasing supporting facilities inside, such as schools, hospitals and shops, rather than houses only may be more attractive for living. Regarding the single-employment ones, the internal and external public transport links should be mainly enhanced. As for those city-interactive, improving the spatial quality and arousing the regional vitality may be the most important.

Key words: cellphone signaling data, employment area, commuting features, Shanghai