武汉城市圈国土空间综合功能分区

doi:10.11821/dlyj201703012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以武汉城市圈为典型案例区开展国土空间综合功能分区实证研究。首先基于县域土地利用数据、社会经济数据和补充调查数据,从生产、生活和生态（三生）功能角度遴选出表征国土空间不同主题要素的24个指标因子,构建基于“要素—功能”的评价指标体系;然后从评价单元开始对10类空间二级功能进行比例关系表达,并通过BP神经网络方法评价三生功能承载力;最后引入双约束聚类法划定国土空间综合功能区,并匹配相应的调控政策。研究表明：基于统一的功能分类和指标体系实现功能比例表达在不同尺度间传递;武汉城市圈国土空间可划分为3个一级综合功能区和7个二级综合功能区。研究成果可为武汉城市圈国土空间格局优化提供参考。

关键词: 国土空间, 三生功能, 比例关系, 综合分区, 武汉城市圈

Abstract:

Comprehensive function zoning of national land space plays a significant role in optimizing development and spatial pattern of national land space. Taking Wuhan metropolitan region as a case study area, we performed an empirical study of the comprehensive function zoning of land space. Firstly, from the perspective of production, livelihood, and ecology functions, we selected 24 indicators to represent multiple thematic elements, such as land resources, water resources, eco-environment, and socio-economic factors. Second, we built up an evaluation system based on these factors and functions. We then calculated and presented the percentages of 10 kinds of sub-functions (namely, supply of primary, secondary, and tertiary products, provision of forestry, livestock, and aquatic products, supply of mineral resources, urban and rural residence, and ecological regulation) for the evaluated units. Next, we evaluated the carrying capacity of the production-livelihood-ecology function provided by national land space using the BP neural network approach. Finally, with dual-constraint spatial cluster algorithm, we confirmed the final comprehensive function zones of national land space, and correspondingly provided specific regional regulation policies and implication for each function zone. Theoretically, in this study, based on these 10 key functions of national land space and the consistent indicators and evaluation system, we initially presented the multiple functions of the zones in percentages from the county level, and then scaled up to the city level, which facilitates the integration and disaggregation of multiple functions for zones across levels. Practically, the results showed that Wuhan metropolitan region can be divided into western production-livelihood zone, northeast production-ecology zone, and southeast livelihood-ecology zone at the first level, and seven sub-zones at the second level. Furthermore, four corresponding types of policy, including "key protection", "general protection", "general development” and "key development", were attached to each sub-zone. This study will shed light on theoretical framework and practices of national land planning and national land resources regulation, and also provide reference forland development pattern and optimal allocation of land resources for Wuhan metropolitan region.

Key words: national land space, production-living-ecology function, scaling relationship, comprehensive function zoning, Wuhan metropolitan region

金贵, 邓祥征, 张倩, 王占岐, 李兆华. 武汉城市圈国土空间综合功能分区[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(3): 541-552.

Gui JIN, Xiangzheng DENG, Qian ZHANG, Zhanqi WANG, Zhaohua LI. Comprehensive function zoning of national land space for Wuhan metropolitan region[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2017, 36(3): 541-552.

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空间功能	指标因子	计算方法或数据来源	单位
农产品供给	粮食产能	标准粮产量和	万t
	耕地面积比例	耕地面积/土地总面积	%
	种植业产值比例	种植业产值/GDP	%
工业产品供给	工业用地占建设用地比例	工业用地/建设用地总面积	%
工业产品供给	工业产值占比	工业产值/GDP	%
服务产品供给	住宿与餐饮业产值	第三产业中住宿与餐饮产值	万元
服务产品供给	旅游用地面积	第二次土地调查数据	hm²
林产品供给	林地面积比例	林地面积/土地总面积	%
林产品供给	林地产值占比	林业产值/GDP	%
畜产品供给	牧草地面积比例	牧草地面积/土地总面积	%
畜产品供给	畜牧业产值比例	畜牧业产值/GDP	%
水产品供给	鱼类产量	鱼类产量总和	万t
	水域面积比例	水域面积/土地总面积	%
	渔业产值比例	渔业产值/GDP	%
矿产供给	查明主要金属矿产储量	主要金属矿种产量之和	万t
	查明非金属矿产储量	主要非金属矿种产量之和	万t
	保有资源储量	各类资源保有量总和	万t
城市居住	城市人口	城镇人口数量和	万人
	城市等级	湖北省新型城镇化规划
	城市通达度	主体功能区计算方法
农村居住	农村人口	农村人口	万人
农村居住	村庄面积	农村居民点面积	hm²
生态调节	生态环境敏感性	土壤侵蚀敏感性、酸雨敏感性、生境敏感性
生态调节	生态系统服务重要性	生物多样性保护、水源涵养、土壤保持、营养物质保持

一级区	一级区特征					典型行政区
名称	地理位置		地形地貌	利用类型	主导功能	单元
圈西生产生活区	圈中及圈西	平原/微丘	耕地生产空间、城市生活空间、农村生活空间	生产生活	汉川市、江岸区等	主要为武汉市、仙桃市、天门市、潜江市
圈东北生产生态区	圈东北	山地/丘陵	林地生产空间、工矿生产空间	生产生态	浠水县、英山县等	主要为孝感市、黄冈市、黄石市
圈东南生态生活区	圈中及圈东南	山地/丘陵	水域空间、林地生产空间、城市生活空间	生态生活	武穴市、黄梅县等	主要为咸宁市、鄂州市

二级综合功能区	典型行政区
江汉城市与农地生活生产区	汉川市、江岸区、江汉区、硚口区、东西湖区、汉阳区、武昌区、洪山区、青山区、蔡甸区、汉南区
江汉平原农地生产生活区	天门市、潜江市、仙桃市、赤壁市、嘉鱼县
桐柏山农地与林地生产生态区	安陆市、孝昌县、孝南区、应城市、云梦县、黄陂区
大别山林地生态生产区	麻城市、红安县、大悟县
大别山工矿与林地生产生态区	浠水县、英山县、蕲春县、罗田县、黄石港区、西塞山区、下陆区、铁山区、大冶市
幕阜山脉北林地生产生态区	武穴市、黄梅县、阳新县、崇阳县、通城县、通山县
梁子湖水域与农地生态生产区	黄州区、团风县、江夏区、新洲区、鄂城区、华容区、梁子湖区