北海南部Lunden湾全新世沉积环境演变

doi:10.11821/dlyj201711018

地理研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 2261-2276.doi: 10.11821/dlyj201711018

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

北海南部Lunden湾全新世沉积环境演变

刘璇^1,²(), 张永战^1,²(), 夏非³, 王嵘⁴, 任珊^1,², WÜNNEMANN Bernd^1,⁵

1. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京 210023
2. 南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室, 南京 210023
3. 江苏第二师范学院城市与资源环境学院,南京 210013
4. 国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室,杭州 310012
5. Institute of Geographical Science, Free University Berlin, Berlin 12249

收稿日期:2017-05-21 修回日期:2017-09-27 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-11-20
作者简介:
作者简介：刘璇（1992- ）,男,江苏徐州人,硕士,研究方向为海岸带地貌环境变化。E-mail：13022592005@163.com
基金资助:
外专千人计划：“青藏高原全新世环境与水文变化研究”（2014-2017）;2014-2016 Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst Project（57090188）

Evolution of sedimentary environment at the Lunden Bay in the Southern North Sea during Holocene

Xuan LIU^1,²(), Yongzhan ZHANG^1,²(), Fei XIA³, Rong WANG⁴, Shan REN^1,², Bernd WÜNNEMANN^1,⁵

1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
2. Key Laboratory of Coast & Island Development (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
3. School of Urban and Resource Environment, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, China
4. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
5. Institute of Geographical Science, Free University Berlin, Berlin 12249, Germany

Received:2017-05-21 Revised:2017-09-27 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-11-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

北海（North Sea）被现在的大不列颠岛、斯堪的纳维亚半岛、日德兰半岛和荷比低地等围绕,主体是一个自南向北倾斜加深的陆架沉积盆地。随冰后期海面上升,北海南部瓦登海（Wadden Sea）发育了广阔的潮滩海岸。北海南部日德兰半岛西岸Lunden湾古潟湖进行野外调查,利用重力取样器自埋深53 cm始获取了719 cm长的无扰动高取芯率沉积柱LN,并对上部53 cm进行现场观测与分层取样。对沉积柱沉积物结构构造、粒度和烧失量的测试,及沉积物粒度数据的EMMA进行分析。研究表明：这一地区主要保留了河流沉积（EM1）、潮流沉积（EM2）与波浪/风暴沉积（EM3）。早期,波浪/风暴作用为主（EM3）。继而,潮流动力主控（EM2）。随之,河流影响（EM1）不断加强,海洋作用逐渐减弱,乃至消失。与沉积构造和烧失量数据结合,EM3有效揭示了多段风暴沉积物。依据AMS¹⁴C测年结果,结合研究区海面变化背景,指示了6050 cal. a BP以来Lunden湾在河—海相互作用下,先后经历了海湾、水下沙坝—潟湖、半封闭沙坝—潟湖和封闭沙坝—潟湖的海退型沙坝—潟湖海岸演化过程,最终在5150 cal. a BP发育为滨海湿地。

关键词: 沙坝—潟湖海岸, 端元模型分析（EMMA）, 风暴沉积, 海面变化, 全新世, Lunden湾

Abstract:

The Lunden Bay, an ancient lagoon, is located near the western coast of the Jutland Peninsula along the Southern North Sea. A non-disturbance core LN in the length of 719 cm was obtained with the gravity core sampler. The upper part buried less than 53 cm was observed and 7 sediment samples were taken in the field. Based on the core analyses on sedimentary structure, grain size, loss on ignition (LOI) and EMMA, it is clear that the core is mainly composed of fluvial deposits (EM1), tidal deposits (EM2) and wave deposits/storm deposits (EM3). The main dynamic processes changed from wave/storm dominated in the early period to tide dominated afterwards. When the river influence became stronger gradually, the effect of marine processes got weaker, and disappeared finally. Combined with sedimentary structure and LOI data, EM3 revealed several storm deposit layers effectively. With the time scale determined by AMS¹⁴C dates and the background of the regional eustatic sea level change, it could be reconstructed for the evolution processes of the coast along the Lunden Bay since 6050 cal. a BP. Controlled by the river-sea interactions, the embayment coast, submarine sand bar-lagoon, semi-enclosed barrier-lagoon and enclosed barrier-lagoon have been formed in the Lunden Bay successively, which showed the typical processes for the changes of the regressive barrier-lagoon coast. Finally, the ancient lagoon was filled and developed into coastal wetland in 5150 cal. a BP.

Key words: barrier- lagoon coast, End- Member Modeling Analysis (EMMA), storm deposit, sea level change, Holocene, the Lunden Bay

刘璇, 张永战, 夏非, 王嵘, 任珊, WÜNNEMANN Bernd. 北海南部Lunden湾全新世沉积环境演变[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(11): 2261-2276.

Xuan LIU, Yongzhan ZHANG, Fei XIA, Rong WANG, Shan REN, Bernd WÜNNEMANN. Evolution of sedimentary environment at the Lunden Bay in the Southern North Sea during Holocene[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2017, 36(11): 2261-2276.

图/表 8

图1

表1

图2

表2

图3

图4

表3

图5

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埋深（cm）	样品编号	测年材料	实验室测试编号	测量结果（a BP）	校正年龄（cal. a BP）
58	LN1 2-5	泥炭	Beta 439773	4460±30	5137±57
147	LN1 89-94	植物根系	Beta 439774	4210±30	4750±30
438	LN2 184-185	贝壳	Beta 439775	5410±30	5789±93
567	LN3 114	贝壳	Beta 439776	5570±30	5968±87
755	LN4 99-102	贝壳	Beta 439777	5640±30	6047±108

样品编号	埋深（cm）	样品种类	样品照片	栖息环境
LN2 184-185	437~438	青蛤	青蛤：	高潮线、低潮线附近
LN3 37	490	贻贝
LN3 67-69	520~522	鸟蛤、贻贝
LN3 67-69	520~522	鸟蛤、贻贝	鸟蛤：	潮间带
LN3 79	532	少量贻贝碎屑
LN3 114	567	鸟蛤、白樱蛤、贻贝
LN3 114	567	鸟蛤、白樱蛤、贻贝	白樱蛤：	潮间带
LN4 22-25	675~677	少量贻贝碎屑	白樱蛤：	潮间带
LN4 30-32	683~685	小白樱蛤、贻贝	小白樱蛤：	潮间带、低潮线附近
LN4 35-37	688~690	贻贝	小白樱蛤：	潮间带、低潮线附近
LN4 40-42	693~695	贻贝	贻贝：	潮间带、潮下带
LN4 84-86	737~739	少量贻贝碎屑
LN4 99-102	752~755	贻贝

埋深（cm）	沉积结构与构造特征	平均粒径（Ф）	分选系数
535~525	砂层间夹粉砂层和贝壳层	2.1	1.1
565~545	厚互层层理,底部侵蚀面上充填贝壳碎屑	2.0	1.8
690~683	具块状结构,富含贝壳碎屑	2.6	1.0
760~753	底部侵蚀构造,富含贝壳碎屑	3.5	1.7

北海南部Lunden湾全新世沉积环境演变

Evolution of sedimentary environment at the Lunden Bay in the Southern North Sea during Holocene

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