关键词: “一带一路”, 油气资源, 合作, 相互依赖, 中国

Abstract:

The Belt and Road Initiative is not only a global strategy of China, but also a win-win Chinese scheme to promote global cooperation. To create a mutual beneficial nonzero and new game pattern, it is an international cooperation strategy to take the economic trade as the carrier, the global interconnection as the core concept and the mutual benefit as the basic purpose. The space mismatch and imbalance of the production and consumption as well as the supply and demand of oil and gas resource promote the cross-region cooperation on oil and gas. As China is the largest energy consumer and import country in the world, studies on the oil and gas cooperation between China and the countries along the Belt and Road are of great significance to promote the Belt and Road construction and to guarantee the oil and gas security of China. What is status of the energy relationship between China and the countries along the route? And what is spatial pattern formed? These are the questions that this paper attempts to answer. Firstly, this paper analyzes the distribution pattern of oil and gas along the route. Subsequently, indexes like guarantee degree, dependency degree and interdependence degree are applied to examine the interdependence relationship between China and the countries along the route on oil and gas. Finally, the conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) The spatial distribution of oil and gas resources along the route presents a pattern with two centers of Russia and the Middle East. (2) The main distribution areas are concentrated in 19 countries in Western Asia, the Middle East, Mongolia and Russia, of which Saudi Arab, Iran, Iraq and Iran, Russia, and Qatar are top countries with the most abundant oil and gas. (3) In terms of oil cooperation, the guarantee degree of Saudi Arab and Russia to China is relatively high, while Mongolia, Oman and Yemen are extremely dependent on China. Except Saudi Arab and Russia, most countries are passive in the oil relationship with China. (4) As for the gas cooperation, Turkmenistan is both of high guarantee degree and high dependency degree on China. Most countries, except Qatar and Russia, are passive in the gas relationship with China. Based on the above result, the paper proposes the following suggestions: China should adopt different strategies on different types of countries with the aid of the platform of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), promote oil and gas cooperation with countries along the route by strengthening the interconnection and building cooperation community. Besides, strengthening the intensity of investment and purchase of oil and gas resources in the countries along the Belt and Road can provide long-term guarantee for the oil and gas security of China. What’s more, enhancing the sea defense is another approach to guarantee the oil and gas security as well as the transport passages, ensuring sailing safety and achieving a security pattern that it is safe to both land and sea.

Key words: the Belt and Road Initiative, oil and gas resource, cooperation, interdependence, China