山东省城镇化包容性发展的时空格局

doi:10.11821/dlyj201802007

地理研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 319-332.doi: 10.11821/dlyj201802007

山东省城镇化包容性发展的时空格局

于伟¹(), 吕晓¹, 宋金平²()

1. 曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院,日照 276800
2. 北京师范大学地理学院,北京 100875

收稿日期:2017-08-22 修回日期:2017-11-16 出版日期:2018-02-20 发布日期:2018-02-20
作者简介:
作者简介：于伟（1980- ）,男,山东肥城人,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为城市地理与土地利用。E-mail：yuwei2005@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41501171）;山东省社会科学规划研究项目（16CGLJ08）

The spatial and temporal patterns of inclusive development in the urbanization of Shandong province

Wei YU¹(), Xiao LV¹, Jinping SONG²()

1. School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276800, Shandong, China
2. School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2017-08-22 Revised:2017-11-16 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-02-20
About author:
Author: Shi Zhenqin (1988-), PhD, specialized in regional development and land space management in mountain areas. E-mail: kevinszq@163.com

^*Corresponding author: Deng Wei (1957-), Professor, specialized in mountain environment and regional development.

E-mail: dengwei@imde.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在中国城镇化发展的战略转型期,将“包容性”理念融入新型城镇化道路的建设中,从发展机会平等、发展内容全面、发展成果共享三个维度解析了城镇化包容性发展的内涵,并构建测评指标体系,以山东省为案例进行了实证研究。结果表明：① 2005-2014年,山东省城镇化包容性发展评价值均小于0.5,处于以排斥性特征为主的过渡时期,不同维度的评价值呈现发展机会平等<发展内容全面<发展成果共享的态势;② 只有青岛市进入了包容性特征为主的过渡时期,济南等10地市处于排斥性特征为主的过渡时期,菏泽等6地市处于排斥性发展阶段;③ 各地市综合评价值与发展机会变量的正相关性最显著,说明发展机会不均等是较多地市城镇化包容性发展综合评价值偏低的主要原因。发展机会、发展内容与发展成果的相关性较弱,说明山东省较多地区的城镇化建设投入和成果还未能有效的惠及城乡。理论上,实现了从起点、过程、结果等内在联系紧密的三个维度刻画城镇化的发展水平,完善了城镇化的质量内涵。实践上,可以从不同层面检视城镇化包容性发展的障碍因素,为城镇化的质量提升提供指引。

关键词: 包容性发展, 城镇化, 城镇化质量, 熵值法, 山东省

Abstract:

In the period of China's strategic transition in urbanization development, the concept of "inclusiveness" was integrated into the development of a new type of urbanization. Against this backdrop, this study analyzes the connotations of inclusive development in urbanization from three dimensions, namely equal development opportunities, comprehensive development content, and development-achievement sharing. It also constructs a measurement index system and involves an empirical investigation, taking Shandong Province as the study case. The findings indicated the following: (1) From 2005 to 2014, the evaluation values for the inclusive development of urbanization in the stydy area was all below 0. 5, indicating that urbanization was in a transitional phase mainly characterized by exclusiveness. Moreover, the evaluation values for the different dimensions presented a trend indicating that "equal development opportunities < comprehensive development content < development achievement sharing." (2) With the exception of Qingdao, which was entering a transition period characterized mainly by inclusiveness, ten prefecture-level cities, including Jinan, were in a transition phase characterized by exclusiveness, and six prefecture-level cities, including Heze, were at the development stage of exclusiveness. (3) The positive correlation between the comprehensive evaluation values and the development opportunity variables for various prefecture-level cities was highly significant, suggesting that the inequality of development opportunities is the main reason for the low comprehensive evaluation values of inclusive development in the urbanization of many prefecture-level cities. There were weak correlations among the development opportunities, development content, and development achievements, which indicate that in many parts of Shandong, urban and rural areas have yet to effectively benefit from the inputs and achievements of urbanization. Theoretically, Shandong has achieved the development levels of urbanization depicted by three intrinsically linked dimensions, namely starting points, processes, and results, and improved the way in which the quality of urbanization is perceived. Practically, the study examines, from different levels, the factors that hinder the inclusive development of urbanization and subsequently provides guidance for improving the quality of urbanization.

Key words: inclusive development, urbanization, urbanization quality, entropy method, Shandong province

于伟, 吕晓, 宋金平. 山东省城镇化包容性发展的时空格局[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(2): 319-332.

Wei YU, Xiao LV, Jinping SONG. The spatial and temporal patterns of inclusive development in the urbanization of Shandong province[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2018, 37(2): 319-332.

图/表 7

图1

表1

城镇化包容性发展测评的指标体系"

指标分类		指标层
发展机会平等		人均道路面积（m²/人）;每万人拥有公共汽车数量（辆/万人）;每百人公共图书馆藏书量（册/百人）;每千人拥有医院床位数（张/千人）;人均公共财政教育支出（元）;人均公共财政科技支出（元）;每百人互联网用户数（户/百人）
发展内容全面	人口发展	人口城镇化率（%）;非农就业人员比重（%）;城镇登记失业率（%）
	资源利用	万元GDP能耗（t标准煤/万元）;工业固体废物综合利用率（%）;居民生活用电量（kW $?$ h）;居民家庭用水量（t）
	环境保护	生活污水集中处理率（%）;生活垃圾无害化处理率（%）;建成区绿化覆盖率（%）;人均绿化面积（m²）;工业废水排放量（万t）
	经济发展	人均地区生产总值（元/人）;第二产业增加值占GDP比例（%）;第三产业增加值占GDP比例（%）;全社会固定资产投资（万元）;经济密度（万元/km²）;人均地方财政一般预算收入（万元）
发展成果共享		农民人均纯收入与城镇居民人均可支配收入之比;城乡居民人均生活消费支出之比;城乡居民文化娱乐消费支出之比;城乡中小学师生比的比值;城乡居民人均图书馆藏书量之比

表1

表2

表3

图2

图3

表4

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地市	2005年	2006年	2007年	2008年	2009年	2010年	2011年	2012年	2013年	2014年
济南市	0.698	0.635	0.557	0.543	0.536	0.533	0.576	0.599	0.553	0.597
青岛市	0.697	0.748	0.758	0.739	0.727	0.716	0.757	0.715	0.723	0.789
淄博市	0.488	0.563	0.476	0.486	0.561	0.479	0.477	0.509	0.454	0.452
枣庄市	0.299	0.233	0.284	0.270	0.379	0.291	0.284	0.311	0.322	0.285
东营市	0.695	0.623	0.577	0.512	0.539	0.483	0.479	0.546	0.576	0.569
烟台市	0.507	0.498	0.486	0.430	0.506	0.514	0.486	0.504	0.491	0.575
潍坊市	0.495	0.522	0.472	0.429	0.496	0.421	0.383	0.382	0.493	0.445
济宁市	0.423	0.335	0.376	0.419	0.454	0.414	0.357	0.419	0.369	0.483
泰安市	0.451	0.521	0.389	0.337	0.330	0.288	0.304	0.368	0.306	0.334
威海市	0.605	0.637	0.700	0.588	0.633	0.606	0.538	0.559	0.625	0.575
日照市	0.292	0.353	0.364	0.309	0.349	0.360	0.316	0.349	0.281	0.274
莱芜市	0.349	0.387	0.349	0.377	0.433	0.359	0.337	0.334	0.357	0.270
临沂市	0.368	0.435	0.406	0.338	0.428	0.343	0.343	0.404	0.346	0.356
德州市	0.327	0.276	0.370	0.291	0.394	0.339	0.349	0.396	0.378	0.278
聊城市	0.296	0.358	0.294	0.311	0.356	0.300	0.260	0.296	0.293	0.268
滨州市	0.303	0.305	0.280	0.320	0.295	0.360	0.413	0.419	0.443	0.378
菏泽市	0.273	0.349	0.295	0.240	0.274	0.281	0.241	0.299	0.240	0.250
全省	0.445	0.458	0.437	0.408	0.452	0.417	0.406	0.436	0.426	0.422

区域	发展机会平等		发展内容全面								发展成果共享		综合评价
	得分	排名	人口发展		资源利用		生态环境		经济发展		得分	排名	得分	排名
	得分	排名	得分	排名	得分		排名	得分	排名	得分				排名
济南市	0.534	4	0.875	1	0.954	2	0.560	8	0.512	4	0.344	14	0.597	2
青岛市	0.752	1	0.799	3	0.954	1	0.744	4	0.803	1	0.689	3	0.789	1
淄博市	0.211	8	0.772	4	0.481	4	0.527	10	0.385	7	0.688	4	0.452	7
枣庄市	0.043	17	0.552	12	0.368	7	0.434	15	0.146	14	0.555	7	0.285	12
东营市	0.581	3	0.856	2	0.303	12	0.735	5	0.594	2	0.456	11	0.569	5
烟台市	0.532	5	0.601	10	0.358	8	0.776	3	0.522	3	0.672	5	0.575	4
潍坊市	0.329	7	0.672	7	0.390	5	0.382	16	0.296	8	0.788	2	0.445	8
济宁市	0.595	2	0.451	15	0.385	6	0.588	6	0.389	6	0.412	12	0.483	6
泰安市	0.127	12	0.474	13	0.326	9	0.517	11	0.199	13	0.622	6	0.334	11
威海市	0.439	6	0.766	5	0.300	13	0.902	1	0.441	5	0.835	1	0.575	3
日照市	0.111	14	0.298	16	0.279	14	0.503	13	0.276	9	0.339	15	0.274	14
莱芜市	0.134	11	0.704	6	0.158	17	0.567	7	0.144	15	0.324	16	0.270	15
临沂市	0.112	13	0.616	8	0.564	3	0.452	14	0.255	10	0.528	9	0.356	10
德州市	0.084	15	0.569	11	0.255	15	0.516	12	0.234	11	0.355	13	0.278	13
聊城市	0.201	9	0.232	17	0.308	11	0.544	9	0.136	16	0.315	17	0.268	16
滨州市	0.194	10	0.612	9	0.225	16	0.815	2	0.229	12	0.541	8	0.378	9
菏泽市	0.067	16	0.452	14	0.316	10	0.368	17	0.108	17	0.500	10	0.250	17

变量	发展机会	人口发展	资源利用	环境保护	经济发展	成果共享	总体评价
发展机会	1	0.51	0.55	0.59	0.91	0.25	0.93
人口发展		1	0.46	0.39	0.63	0.38	0.68
资源利用			1	0.02	0.64	0.13	0.67
环境保护				1	0.59	0.29	0.62
经济发展					1	0.37	0.96
成果共享						1	0.47
总体评价							1

山东省城镇化包容性发展的时空格局

The spatial and temporal patterns of inclusive development in the urbanization of Shandong province

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