基于生态适宜性评价的西南丘陵区土地整治工程布局研究

doi:10.11821/dlyj201804002

地理研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 659-677.doi: 10.11821/dlyj201804002

基于生态适宜性评价的西南丘陵区土地整治工程布局研究

谭少军¹(), 邵景安^1,²()

1. 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆 400047
2. 三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400047

收稿日期:2017-10-13 修回日期:2018-01-03 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-04-20
作者简介:
作者简介：谭少军（1990- ）,男,四川巴中人,硕士,主要从事土地资源可持续利用研究。E-mail：tsj2015@126.com
基金资助:
重庆市国土资源和房屋管理局科技计划项目（CQGT-KJ-2014034,KJ-2016003）

Land consolidation project layout based on ecological suitability evaluation in hilly areas of Southwest China

Shaojun TAN¹(), Jing'an SHAO^1,²()

1. Shcool of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China
2. Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 400047, China

Received:2017-10-13 Revised:2018-01-03 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-04-20
About author:
Author: Shi Zhenqin (1988-), PhD, specialized in regional development and land space management in mountain areas. E-mail: kevinszq@163.com

^*Corresponding author: Deng Wei (1957-), Professor, specialized in mountain environment and regional development.

E-mail: dengwei@imde.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

如何科学合理地识别土地整治工程的生态适宜性,是评判当前土地整治工程是否实现“有利生产,方便生活,兼顾生态”目标的重要依据,更是土地整治理论与规划亟待解决的重要命题。选取川东平行岭谷区的垫江县为研究区,立足146个土地整治项目,借助生态位思想进行土地整治工程生态适宜性评价,计算土地生态整治工程布局潜力指数,对土地整治工程生态化布局进行定向。结果表明：① 土地整治工程生态适宜性指标影响显示出显著异质性,其中耕地连片度、坡度、灌溉保证率是开展土地整治工程生态适宜性评价的首选因素。② 土地整治项目中单项工程的生态适宜性水平差异较大,其中土地平整和灌排系统的生态适宜性低于临界水平,田间道路和生态景观工程的生态适宜性高于临界水平。③ 土地整治项目整体工程的生态适宜性程度差异显著,各项目土地整治工程生态适宜性均值为0.72,处于生态适性的临界水平。适宜等涉及土地整治面积7434 hm²,占9%。临界适宜等涉及土地整治面积54530 hm²,占67%。不适宜等涉及土地整治面积18845 hm²,占24%。④ 研究区土地整治工程生态适宜性布局整体呈多样化格局,Ⅰ等潜力区主要位于研究区中西部,布局方向为发展多功能农业,应注意如何保证其经济价值实现的同时不损害其生态价值。Ⅱ等潜力区分布范围较广,布局方向为发展大宗粮油产业,应思考在保证其粮食生产的同时尽量避免对农田生态系统的破坏。Ⅲ等潜力区主要位于鹤大台地区,布局方向为发展生态立体农业,应强调如何在保证生态环境不受破坏的前提下发展具有山区特色的生态农业。

关键词: 土地整治工程, 生态适宜性, 评价, 布局方向, 西南丘陵区

Abstract:

How to reasonably identify the ecological suitability of land consolidation project (LCP) is the important recordings of current land consolidation project to evaluate whether to realize the following goals: "favorable production, convenient life, and improved ecology", and also is the important proposition of theory and planning of land consolidation to be solved. Dianjiang County located in parallel ridge valley of east Sichuan is selected as the study area in this paper. Based on the 146 LCPs, this paper used the idea of niche to evaluate the ecological suitability of LCP, to calculate ecological potential index of LCP, and to finally decide the direction of ecological layout of LCP. The results showed that these indexes influencing the ecological suitability of LCP has significant variance, and among them, cultivated land contiguous degree, slope, irrigation guarantee rate are the primary factors for the ecological suitability evaluation of LCP. The ecological suitability levels of single project in LCP presented significant differences. Among them, the ecological suitability levels of land leveling and irrigation and drainage's system were below the critical level, while the ecological suitability levels of field road and ecological landscape were above the critical level. The ecological suitability levels of the whole LCPs were obviously different. On the whole, the average value of the ecological suitability of land consolidation was 0.72, and this value was observed in the critical level of ecological suitability. The suitable, critical suitable and unsuitable grades were related to land consolidation areas of 7434 hm², 54530 hm², and 18845 hm², accounting for 9%, 67%, and 24%, respectively. The ecological suitability layout of LCP in the study area was overall in a diversified pattern. The suitability area of the first grade was mainly located in the central and western parts of the study area, and the layout direction of LCP was to serve the development of multi-functional agriculture. In this region, we should pay attention to how to ensure its economic value without damaging its ecological value. The suitability area of the second grade was widely distributed, and the layout direction of LCP was a help to the development of grain and oil industry. In this region, we should try to avoid destroying the farmland ecosystem while ensuring the grain production. And the suitability area of the third grade was mainly located in Heda platform area, and the layout direction of LCP was for the service to the development of three-dimensional ecological agriculture. In this region, we should place emphasis on how to ensure that the ecological environment was not destroyed to develop ecological agriculture with mountain features.

Key words: land consolidation project, ecological suitability, evaluation, arrangement direction, hilly areas of Southwest China

谭少军, 邵景安. 基于生态适宜性评价的西南丘陵区土地整治工程布局研究[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(4): 659-677.

Shaojun TAN, Jing'an SHAO. Land consolidation project layout based on ecological suitability evaluation in hilly areas of Southwest China[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2018, 37(4): 659-677.

图/表 10

图1

表1

表2

图2

图3

表3

图4

图5

表4

图6

参考文献 29

[1]	龙花楼. 论土地整治与乡村空间重构. 地理学报, 2013, 68(8): 1019-1028.
	[Long Hualou.Land consolidation and rural space restructuring. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(8): 1019-1028.]
[2]	Long Hualou.Land consolidation: An indispensable way of spatial restructuring in rural China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 24(2): 211-225. doi: 10.1007/s11442-014-1083-5
[3]	龙花楼. 论土地利用转型与土地资源管理. 地理研究, 2015, 34(9): 1607-1618. doi: 10.11821/d1yj201509001
	[Long Hualou.Land use transition and land management. Geographical Research, 2015, 34(9): 1607-1618.] doi: 10.11821/d1yj201509001
[4]	文云朝, 汪一鸣. 土地规划与农村整治: 比利时瓦隆区国土整治经验借鉴. 地理研究, 1998, 17(2): 201-207.
	[Wen Yunchao, Wang Yiming.Land-use planning and rural management: On the experience of territorial management in the wallonne region of Belgium. Geographical Research, 1998, 17(2): 201-207.]
[5]	鲍海君, 徐保根. 生态导向的土地整治区空间优化与规划设计模式: 以嘉兴市七星镇为例. 经济地理, 2009, 29(11): 1903-1906.
	[Bao Haijun, Xu Baogen.Planning mode for land remediation based on ecological priority: A case of Qixing town of Jiaxing. Economic Geography, 2009, 29(11): 1903-1906.]
[6]	郭玲霞, 赵微, 王丽娜, 等. 基于土地整治模式的区域生态服务价值变化研究: 以湖北省为例. 地域研究与开发, 2012, 31(6): 145-150. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-2363.2012.06.029
	[Guo Lingxia, Zhao Wei, Wang Lina, et al.Study on regional ecological service value change based on the pattern of land consolidation: A case of Hubei province. Areal Research and Development, 2012, 31(6): 145-140.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-2363.2012.06.029
[7]	谷晓坤, 刘静, 张正峰, 等. 大都市郊区景观生态型土地整治模式设计. 农业工程学报, 2014, 30(6): 205-211. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.06.025
	[Gu Xiaokun, Liu Jing, Zhang Zhengfeng, et al.Mode design of landscape ecological land consolidation in metropolitan's suburb. Transactions of the CSAE, 2014, 30(6): 205-211.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.06.025
[8]	陈百明, 谷晓坤, 张正峰, 等. 土地生态化整治与景观设计. 中国土地科学, 2011, (6): 10-14.
	[Chen Baiming, Gu Xiaokun, Zhang Zhengfeng, et al.Land ecological consolidation and landscape design. China Land Science, 2011, (6): 10-14.]
[9]	刘文平, 宇振荣, 郧文聚, 等. 土地整治过程中农田防护林的生态景观设计. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(18): 233-240. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.18.033
	[Liu Wenping, Yu Zhenrong, Yun Wenju, et al.Ecological and landscape design of farmland shelterbelt in land consolidation. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(18): 233-240.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.18.033
[10]	唐秀美, 潘瑜春, 郝星耀, 等. 海南省热带台地生态化土地整治分区与工程设计. 北京大学学报: 自然科学版, 2016, 52(6): 1093-1101.
	[Tang Xiumei, Pan Yuchun, Hao Xingyao, et al.Partition and ecological design technology of land consolidation project in tropical platform area. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2016, 52(6): 1093-1101.]
[11]	张文瑞. 土地生态化整治与农业景观设计实证研究. 中国农业资源与区划, 2016, 37(4): 224-227. doi: 10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20160438
	[Zhang Wenrui, An empirical study of ecological land consolidation and agricultural landscape design. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2016, 37(4): 224-227.] doi: 10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20160438
[12]	吴金华, 张伟, 刘小玲. 基于RRM模型的神木县土地整治规划生态风险评价. 中国土地科学, 2014, 28(3): 76-82. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8158.2014.03.011
	[Wu Jinhua, Zhang Wei, Liu Xiaoling.Ecological risk assessment in land reclamation plan of Shenmu county based on relative risk model. China Land Science, 2014, 28(3): 76-82.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-8158.2014.03.011
[13]	李红, 魏晓, 刘传明. 传统土地整理规划与景观生态型土地综合整治规划之比较. 国土资源导刊, 2014, 11(10): 9-13. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-5603.2014.10.003
	[Li Hong, Wei Xiao, Liu Chuanming.Comparison planning between traditional land remediation and landscape ecological land comprehensive consolidation. Land & Resources Herald, 2014, 11(10): 9-13.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-5603.2014.10.003
[14]	余强, 王占岐, 杨俊, 等. 基于生态环境脆弱性的西藏土地整治项目规划. 国土资源科技管理, 2014, 31(2): 33-39.
	[Yu Qiang, Wang Zhanqi, Yang Jun, et al.Land consolidation project planning and design in Tibet against eco-environment fragility. Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources, 2014, 31(2): 33-39.]
[15]	郭巍, 侯晓蕾. 从土地整理到综合规划: 荷兰乡村景观整治规划及其启示. 风景园林, 2016, (9): 115-120. doi: 10.14085/j.fjyl.2016.09.0115.06
	[Guo Wei, Hou Xiaolei.From land consolidation to comprehensive planning summary and implications of the evolution of rural landscape renovation in the Netherlands. Landscape Architecture, 2016, (9): 115-120.] doi: 10.14085/j.fjyl.2016.09.0115.06
[16]	王金满, 白中科, 宿梅双. 山地丘陵区坡式梯田土地整治工程量快速测算方法. 中国土地科学, 2013, 27(1): 78-83.
	[Wang Jinman, Bai Zhongke, Su Meishuang.A new approach of fast calculating the sloped terrace earthwork in the hilly regions. China land sciences, 2013, 27(1): 78-83.]
[17]	中华人民共和国国土资源部. 中华人民共和国第二次土地利用现状调查技术规程(TD/T1014-2007). 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2007.
	[Ministry of Land and Resources of the People's Republic of China. Technical Regulations of Land Use Status of the People's Republic of China (TD/T1014-2007). Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2007.]
[18]	刘军, 张正福, 胡燕凌. 应用DEM 数据进行耕地坡度分级量算方法研究. 遥感技术与应用, 2009, 24(5): 691-697.
	[Liu Jun, Zhang Zhengfu, Hu Yanling.Study on the slope calculating of farmland based on the DEM data. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2009, 24(5): 691-697.]
[19]	曾吉彬, 邵景安, 魏朝富, 等. 西南山地丘陵区永久性基本农田的多目标决策划定方法. 农业工程学报, 2014, 30(16): 263-274. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.16.034
	[Zeng Jibin, Shao Jingan, Wei Chaofu, et al.Delimitation of permanent basic farmland in mountain and hill areas in southwest China based on multiple-objective decision model. Transactions of the CSAE, 2014, 30(16): 263-274.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.16.034
[20]	何灏, 师学义. 基于景观格局的农用地整理道路规划布局方法. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(11): 232-236. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.11.037
	[He Hao, Shi Xueyi.Method for road planning in farmland consolidation based on landscape pattern. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(11): 232-236.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2012.11.037
[21]	周连义, 江南, 吕恒, 等. 长江南京段湿地景观格局变化特征. 资源科学, 2006, 28(5): 24-29. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1007-7588.2006.05.004
	[Zhou Lianyi, Jiang Nan, Lv Heng, et al.Wetland landscape pattern changes along the Yangtze River in Nanjing city. Resources Science, 2006, 28(5): 24-29.] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1007-7588.2006.05.004
[22]	Wang Jihuai.The models of niche and their application. Ecological Modeling, 1995, 80: 279-291. doi: 10.1016/0304-3800(94)00067-R
[23]	王筱明. 生态位适宜度评价模型在退耕还林决策中的应用. 农业工程学报, 2007, 23(8): 113-116. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-6819.2007.08.019
	[Wang Xiaoming.Application of ecological niche suitability evaluation model to decision-making for converting cultivated land into forests. Transactions of the CSAE, 2007, 23(8): 113-116.] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-6819.2007.08.019
[24]	刘小平, 黎夏, 彭晓娟. “生态位”元胞自动机在土地可持续规划模型中的应用. 生态学报, 2007, 27(6): 2391-2402. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.06.031
	[Liu Xiaoping, Li Xia, Peng Xiaojuan.Niche-based cellular automata for sustainable land use planning. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(6): 2391-2402.] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.06.031
[25]	曲衍波, 张凤荣, 姜广辉, 等. 基于生态位的农村居民点用地适宜性评价与分区调控. 农业工程学报, 2010, 26(1): 290-296.
	[Qu Yanbo, Zhang Fengrong, Jiang Guanghui, et al.Suitability evaluation and subarea control and regulation of rural residential land based on niche. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010, 26(11): 290-296.]
[26]	Li Zizhen, Lin Hong.The niche-fitness model of crop population and its application. Ecological Modelling, 1997, 104(2/3): 199-203. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3800(97)00127-0
[27]	钱辉, 张大亮. 基于生态位的企业演化机理探析. 浙江大学学报: 人文社会科学版, 2006, 36(2): 20-26.
	[Qian Hui, Zhang Daliang.On organization evolution mechanics basing on organization niche. Journal of Zhe Jiang University: Humanities and Social Sciences, 2006, 36(2): 20-26.]
[28]	Mukhtar Elaalem, Alexis Comber, Peter Fisher.A comparison of fuzzy AHP and ideal point methods for evaluating land suitability. Transactions in GIS, 2011, 15(3): 329-346. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2011.01260.x
[29]	蒙莉娜,郑新奇,赵璐, 等. 基于生态位适宜度模型的土地利用功能分区, 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(3): 282-287. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.053
	[Meng Lina, Zheng Xinqi, Zhao Lu, et al.Land-use functional regionalization based on niche-fitness model, Transactions of the CSAE, 2011, 27(3): 282-287.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2011.03.053

工程类型	评价因子	原始数据	处理方法	指标性质
土地平整(A)	C1:梯田化率(%)	30 mDEM、土地利用变更数据	坡度提取—栅格转矢量—叠加分析	+
	C2:破碎度(个/hm²)	土地利用变更数据	景观破碎度计算	-
	C3:分维数	土地利用变更数据	景观分维数计算	-
	C4:坡度(°)	土地利用变更数据、农用地质量分等数据	叠加分析	-
	C5:连片度(hm²)	土地利用变更数据	缓冲分析—数据融合	+
	C6:有效土层厚度(cm)	土地利用变更数据、农用地质量分等数据	叠加分析	+
田间道路(B)	C7道路通达度(m)	道路数据、土地利用变更数据	Near（近邻）分析—SQL字段筛选	+
田间道路(B)	C8道路硬化率(%)	道路数据	SQL字段筛选	适宜
灌溉与排水(C)	C9灌排保证率(%)	沟渠数据、土地利用变更数据	Near（近邻）分析	+
灌溉与排水(C)	C10沟渠连通度(%)	沟渠数据、土地利用变更数据	叠加分析—统计分析	+
生态景观(D)	C11香农多样性指数	土地利用变更数据	香农景观多样性指数计算	适宜
生态景观(D)	C12林地覆盖率(%)	土地利用变更数据	SQL字段筛选—统计分析	+

指标	划分标准			指标	划分标准
指标	不适宜	临界适宜	适宜	指标	不适宜	临界适宜	适宜
梯田化率	<50	50~70	>70	道路通达度	>500	100-500	<100
破碎度	>2.38	0.09~2.38	<0.09	道路硬化率	40~50	50~59或71~80	60~70
分维数	>1.44	1.23~1.44	<1.23	灌排保证率	<55	55~70	>70
坡度	15~25	6~15	2~6	沟渠连通度	<20	20~30	>30
连片度	<6.67	6.67~20.01	>20.01	多样性指数	1.07~1.17或1.58~1.71	1.17~1.25或1.46~1.58	1.25~1.46
有效土层厚度	<30	30~50	>50	林地覆盖率	<8	8~25	>25

适宜等级	生态适宜值	比例(%)	分布地区
适宜	0.75~0.98	9	中部高滩河流域与西部平坝地区
临界适宜	0.60~0.75	67	北部丘陵、高滩河大沙河流域及鹤大台地
不适宜	0~0.60	24	北部槽谷地区、鹤大台地及黄草山附近

等级	潜力指数	有利条件	障碍性因素	整治重点内容
Ⅰ等	[0.42,0.50]	地形、水源、交通条件好	-	减少人为干扰
Ⅱ等	(0.50,1.05]	水源条件优越	交通区位较差	防止田块被过分切割
Ⅲ等	(1.05,1.53]	立体气候	生态环境脆弱	保护农田生态系统

基于生态适宜性评价的西南丘陵区土地整治工程布局研究

Land consolidation project layout based on ecological suitability evaluation in hilly areas of Southwest China

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 29

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	游猎, 王睿. 特大城市郊区建设用地效益比较研究——以天津市11个市郊区县为例[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(3): 793-807.
[2]	黄晓军, 王博, 刘萌萌, 郭禹慧, 李艳雨. 中国城市高温特征及社会脆弱性评价[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(7): 1534-1547.
[3]	王成, 龙卓奇, 樊荣荣. 重庆市江津区乡村生产空间系统适应性评价及障碍因素分析[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(7): 1609-1624.
[4]	马建华, 韩昌序, 姜玉玲. 潜在生态风险指数法应用中的一些问题[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(6): 1233-1241.
[5]	罗桑扎西, 甄峰. 基于手机数据的城市公共空间活力评价方法研究——以南京市公园为例[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(7): 1594-1608.
[6]	张凡, 宁越敏, 娄曦阳. 中国城市群的竞争力及对区域差异的影响[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(7): 1664-1677.
[7]	王勇, 周雪, 李广斌. 苏南不同类型传统村落乡村性评价及特征研究——基于苏州12个传统村落的调查[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(6): 1311-1321.
[8]	胡守庚, 童陆亿, 龙花楼. 论土地利用转型潜力及其评价的理论框架[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(6): 1367-1377.
[9]	程钰, 王晶晶, 王亚平, 任建兰. 中国绿色发展时空演变轨迹与影响机理研究[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(11): 2745-2765.
[10]	王亚飞,樊杰,周侃. 基于“双评价”集成的国土空间地域功能优化分区[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(10): 2415-2429.
[11]	高晓路,吴丹贤,周侃,廖柳文. 国土空间规划中城镇空间和城镇开发边界的划定[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(10): 2458-2472.
[12]	安悦, 周国华, 贺艳华, 毛克彪, 谭雪兰. 基于“三生”视角的乡村功能分区及调控——以长株潭地区为例[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(4): 695-703.
[13]	刘彦随. 创新从土地类型到自然区划综合研究——倪绍祥先生的地理学思想与学术贡献[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(3): 473-479.
[14]	夏敏, 张开亮, 文博, 刘友兆, 潘运华. 煤炭资源枯竭型城市工矿用地时空变化模拟与生态风险评价——以江西省萍乡市安源区为例[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(9): 1773-1786.
[15]	吕永强, 郑新奇, 周麟. 路网中心性与城市功能用地空间分布相关性研究——以北京城市中心区为例[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(7): 1353-1363.