关键词: 资源环境基础, 要素综合分析, 空间结构, 开发特征

Abstract:

Resources and environment have not only provided material for the birth and survival of mankind, but also shaped the growth and development of human civilization. No matter how developed the world will become, exploitation degree and possession level of natural resources and environment are the basic premise of the national and regional socio-economic development. This is in particular true for China as only one of the ancient civilized nations without interruption and the most populous developing country today in the world. As the world's second largest economy, China's future sustainable development requires not only an innovative growth capital and technology, but also a secure and stable resources-environmental base. Drawing on an integrated factor analysis of resources and environment combined with geographical conditions for development, the paper shows that: First, resources-environmental base levels and development conditions of the country are the primary factors in determining the overall spatial pattern of human activities, which is made up by three major regions from the southeast to the northwest, respectively, as the appropriate, relatively appropriate and not suitable regions for large-scale development. And these three major regions show a pyramid structure of national natural ecosystem overall development. Second, such a spatial pattern has formed not only as a result of differentiated resources and environment background levels but also the geographical conditions for development of the regions. From the long-term practice of human activities, the geographical conditions are even more important. Finally, the national human activities have not ever crossed the threshold set by the resources and environmental factors and geographical conditions together, whether the country has been in the age of agricaltural or industrialization. With China's modernization transforming to ecological civilization, re-examining the mode of resource-environment exploitation and exploring a more scientific and rational development model for different major regions are essential to human-land coordination and long-term stability. Apparently, the maximum mitigation and containment of tension of national human-land relationship should be the long-term objectives and tasks for China's future sustainable development, with a better understanding of the pattern of resources-environmental base. With the scientific and technological innovation and effective management of resources-environmental base, China should change the production mode from tradition mode dominated by inputs of resource-environment to a new way dominated by inputs of human intelligence.

Key words: resources-environmental base, integrated factor analysis, spatial pattern, development characteristics