日本旅游地理学的百年传统与演进

doi:10.11821/dlyj201810013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以日本出版的旅游地理学著作和主要地理类学术期刊刊载的旅游地理学相关论文为线索,总结和述评日本旅游地理研究的历史演进与特点。日本旅游地理学经历了近一个世纪的研究历程,学科发展始终与其社会发展及旅游方式的阶段性变迁相应。经历第二次世界大战前的萌芽,旅游大众化时代的学科初创与成长后,已步入了旅游个性化时代的多元发展期,在传承与创新中逐渐形成了自身的研究特色,并确立了独立分支学科的地位。基于区域地理（地志学）视角,偏重微观空间尺度的旅游地实证研究已沉淀成为日本旅游地理学的研究特色。同时,旅游发展形势与学术研究的转向对日本旅游地理学研究视角、研究方法、学际和国际交流方面也提出了新的要求。而比较成熟的旅游地区域研究方法与研究范式、代际传承实践对中国旅游地理学研究具有一定的启示与借鉴意义。

关键词: 旅游地理学, 研究概况, 历史演进, 日本

Abstract:

In this paper, the historical evolution and development characteristics of research on tourism geography in Japan are introduced through literature reviews on major geographic journals and academic books of tourism geography. According to historical background and current academic research, the development of tourism geography in Japan is divided into four stages: (1) Emergence stage (before the WWII): the tremendous literatures concerning tourist handbooks before the Meiji Restoration with the religious tourism development were rich in tourism geographical knowledge. The international tourism after the Meiji Restoration attracted academic attentions and participation of famous geographers, which laid a foundation for the following tourism geography. Overall, research accumulation in this stage was very limited and no explicit idea of tourism geography was formed. (2) Start-up stage (WWII-1970s): as entering into the age of mass tourism, the rapid growth of tourism demands and updating of tourism supply influenced regional environment and society significantly. Geographers show more and more concern on tourism. They enriched research contents, began to make theoretical explorations on tourism geography and established an independent discipline preliminarily. (3) Development stage (late 1970s-early 1990s): the tourism development enthusiasm promoted by leisure sports, popularization of vacation and bubble economy were changing Japan profoundly, which provided abundant research materials for tourism geography. Research width and depth increased significantly. The research theories and scientificalness of tourism geography further enhanced. The formation of a group of tourism geographical experts was the talent foundation for professional development of tourism geography. (4) Pluralism development stage (middle 1990s-): the tourism leisure became rational, personalized and diversified. Emerging tourisms occurred continuously and the international tourism market became increasingly active. Research spatial range and perspective of tourism geography further expanded. Regional-based research was developed after long-term theoretical explorations and accumulation. It was determined by a professional discipline. Research on tourism geography in Japan started early and has been developed academically for nearly one century. Unique features have been formed through continuous theoretical and methodological explorations and developments. Regional-based research, which is the key of Japan's tourism geographical study, especially based on micro-space unit, is relatively mature and has accumulated a number of cases. Diversification and internationalization of tourism geography study began to be manifested. Meanwhile, it is faced with various challenges, such as macro-research shortage, oversimplified research methods, weak applicability, inadequate interdisciplinary researches, low international level, etc.

Key words: tourism geography, research, progress, Japan

金玉实, 赵玉宗. 日本旅游地理学的百年传统与演进[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(10): 2039-2057.

Yushi JIN, Yuzong ZHAO. Centennial research process of tourism geography in Japan[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2018, 37(10): 2039-2057.

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刊物	所属学会	创刊年度	旅游地理相关论文数量
《地理学评论》	日本地理学会	1925	49
《人文地理》	人文地理学会	1948	40
《地学杂志》	东京地学协会	1879	28
《经济地理学年报》	经济地理学会	1954	10
《季刊地理学》（前身《东北地理》）	东北地理学会	1948	11
《地理科学》	地理科学学会	1961	22
《新地理》	日本地理教育学会	1952	21
《历史地理学》	历史地理学会	1958	22

著作名称	编著者	出版年	出版社	页数
观光地理学	浅香幸雄, 山村顺次	1974	大明堂	234
新观光地理学	山村顺次	1995	大明堂	270
现代观光地理学	Pearec D (内藤嘉昭译)	2001	明石书店	524
新观光地理学（增补版）	山村顺次	2004	原书房	284
观光地理学：世界与日本的城市与旅游	寺阪昭信	2009	古今书院	123
休闲空间：模式与研究方法	神田孝治	2009	Nakanishiya	270
观光空间：视角与研究方法	神田孝治	2009	Nakanishiya	284
观光地理学：旅游地的形成与课题	山村顺次	2010	同文馆	165
观光地理学：旅游地的形成与课题（第2版）	山村顺次	2012	同文馆	173
观光分析：计量方法与应用	张长平	2013	古今书院	219