地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 2249-2258.doi: 10.11821/dlyj201811010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

长春市公共服务设施空间与居住空间格局特征

申庆喜1(), 李诚固2(), 刘仲仪1, 胡述聚2, 刘倩2   

  1. 1. 吉林财经大学,长春 130117
    2. 东北师范大学地理科学学院,长春 130024
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-11 修回日期:2018-08-20 出版日期:2018-11-20 发布日期:2018-11-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：申庆喜（1987- ）,男,山东金乡人,博士,讲师,研究方向为城市地理与区域经济。E-mail: shenqx163@nenu.edu.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41871158,41601152）;吉林省社会科学基金项目（2018BS24）

Spatial pattern of public service facilities space and living space in Changchun

Qingxi SHEN1(), Chenggu LI2(), Zhongyi LIU1, Shuju HU2, Qian LIU2   

  1. 1. Jilin University of Finance and Economics, Changchun 130117, China
    2. School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
  • Received:2018-05-11 Revised:2018-08-20 Online:2018-11-20 Published:2018-11-20
  • About author:

    Author: Shi Zhenqin (1988-), PhD, specialized in regional development and land space management in mountain areas. E-mail: kevinszq@163.com

    *Corresponding author: Deng Wei (1957-), Professor, specialized in mountain environment and regional development.

    E-mail: dengwei@imde.ac.cn

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摘要：

基于长春市790个居住小区、178所小学、301家社区医院、1681个公交站点等空间数据,引用核密度估计、Riley's K函数、同位区位商等分析方法,对公共服务设施空间与居住空间的形态格局、集聚特性、“临近性”关系等进行了定量分析。研究发现：首先,公共服务设施空间与居住空间分布的形态格局差异显著,同时也表现出较高的相关性,“核心—外围”网点数量的分布特征趋同性与分异性并存;其次,公共服务设施空间与居住空间均呈现出显著的集聚特征,但集聚的规模与强度差异明显,二者空间分布的协调性程度仍需提高;第三,从分布的空间关系来看,居住小区具有较为明显的“临近”公共服务设施布局的倾向,但反之不明显,整体呈现出空间格局的“非对称性”特征。

关键词: 公共服务设施, 居住空间, 空间协调, 空间集聚, 同位区位商, 长春市

Abstract:

Public service facilities are the important carrier of urban social service. The space coordinate configuration of public service facilities space and living space is of great significance to enhance the level of urban human settlements environment, eliminate social isolation, and maintain social harmony. Based on Google, Baidu, Tencent and other electronic maps which include the locations of 790 residential areas, 178 primary schools, 301 community hospitals, 1681 bus stops and other data which belong to Changchun city. This paper makes a quantitative analysis of the morphological characteristics, agglomeration characteristics and proximity relation of public service facilities space and living space, by using some software and some quantitative methods, such as ArcGIS 10.0, Kernel density estimation, Nearest Neighbor Indicator, Riley's K function, and location quotient analysis. The results showed that: (1) There is a significant difference in the distribution of public service facilities and living space, but a high correlation is found. There exist convergence and differentiation in the number of "core-periphery" distribution characteristics at the same time. In particular, the dislocation between primary school and living space is obvious. (2) There is a feature of space agglomeration between the public service facilities space and living space, but the differences in agglomeration scale and intensity are significant and the coordination degree of spatial distribution still need to be improved. (3) From the spatial relationship between the distribution of public service facilities and residential space, CLQ residential areas→community hospitals, CLQ residential areas→primary schools, and CLQ residential areas→bus stops values are 1.210, 1.176 and 1.133, respectively. Public service facilities have an obvious attraction for residential areas; on the contrary, it is not obvious, and the spatial pattern presented "asymmetry" characteristics. This paper argues that the coordination of public service facilities space and residential space, evacuation of public service facilities in urban core areas, and expansion of urban residential space under the guidance of public service facilities are an important path for future regulation to promote the coordination of public service facilities space and living space.

Key words: public service facilities, residential spaces, spatial coordination, spatial agglomeration, colocation quotient, Changchun