地理研究

地理研究 ›› 1996, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 74-83.doi: 10.11821/yj1996020010

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

北极阿拉斯加巴罗地区现代环境的地球化学特征研究*

杨惟理1, 张青松1, 候书贵2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院国家计划委员会地理研究所 北京 100101;
    2. 中国科学院兰州冰川冻土所 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:1995-10-14 修回日期:1996-03-25 出版日期:1996-06-15 发布日期:1996-06-15
  • 基金资助:
    * 国家自然科学基金,中国科学院特别资助

ENVIRONMENT GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN BARROW, ALASKAN ARCTIC

Yang Weili1, Zhang Qingsong1, Hou Shugui2   

  1. 1. Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101;
    2. Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Clyopedology Lanzhou 730000
  • Received:1995-10-14 Revised:1996-03-25 Online:1996-06-15 Published:1996-06-15

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摘要： 本文以北极阿拉斯加巴罗地区样品分析为依据,研究泻湖、淡水湖、河流、沼泽、土壤等的环境地球化学特征。结果表明,巴罗地区融冻物理风化作用强烈,化学风化和生物地球化学作用较弱,物质以机械搬运为主,H+为地带性标型元素。地表水化学类型阴离子以Cl-为主,阳离子以K+Na+为主。现代沉积物、地表土壤、沼泽泥炭层有机质含量丰富,最高可达50.07%.大量元素SiO2含量极高,稀有稀土元素、微量元素含量偏低,但Hg、Cd、Cr的含量相对较高。

关键词: 北极, 巴罗, 环境地球化学

Abstract: Barrow is located on the arctic coastal plain at the northeast Alaska (71°20'N.156°40'W),where Permafrost is well developed with a mean annual temperature of -12.6℃.Therefore, the modern environmental processes are dominated by physical weathering (freezing and thawing) and segmentation which infuence on the characteristic of present tundra environmental geochemistry.Some 35 samples of water, soil and snow were collected from sea, lagoon, lake.stream and bog at Barrow in August-September, 1994.The preliminary results are as follows:(1) Chemical and bio-chemical processes also existed in such an extremely cold region, which may be caused by higher summer temperature.(2) H+ is a typomorphic element appeared in the Arctic tundra environment.(3) The major positive and negative ions are K++Na+ and Cl- in the aquatic environment, appearing in a distribution roder of decreasing from ocean to land, that is:stream water2+ is extremely high which ranges from 73.87% to 90.41%,and the contents of rare elements.rare-earth elements and trace elements are relatively low.However, the contents of Hg, Cd, Cr and comparatively high.

Key words: Barrow, Alaskan Arctic, Modern environmental geochemistry

PACS: 

  • P941.67