关键词: 中国, 煤矿区, 土地复垦

Abstract: Chinese coal industry is one of the important pillar industries of the national economy.It is the major guarantee for the economic sustained development in China.But,a large size exploitation of coal resources causes land destruction and environment degeneration,aggravates contradiction between increasing population and decreasing land area,and hinders national economic sustained development.Through practical survey and comprehensive analysis,this paper studies the trends of China's coal exploitation and its influence on land resources,discusses the major degraded land types,the area and distribution of the coal mining fields.According to the demands of the market economic development,the principles of land restoration in the coal mining fields are pointed out,i.e,the man who destroies the land must resume it.Suitable measures to local conditions should be found and the problem should be tackled in a comprehensive way.Both economical,social and ecological benefits should be considered.Land use plan and coal mining exploitation plan should be combined.On the basis of these.four main directions of the coal mining land restoration are put forward:(1) agriculture,forest,stock raising and fishery,(2) mining industry and road tion,(3) residential area,(4)tourism,recreation and sanatorium. Furthermore, this article also studies the models of agricultural land restoration and relevant techniques related to engineering,irrigation and biology,and evaluates the economic benefits of land restoration in the coal mining fields.Briefly describes the characteristics of land destruction and methods of land restoration in the different regions of China.

Key words: China, Coal mining field, Land restoration