地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2000, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 303-310.doi: 10.11821/yj2000030012

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

三峡库区坡地生态工程控制土壤养分流失研究——以等高植物篱为例

许峰1, 蔡强国1, 吴淑安1, 张光远2, 丁树文2, 蔡崇法2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
    2. 华中农业大学资源环境与农业化学系, 武汉 430000
  • 收稿日期:1999-10-20 修回日期:2000-06-09 出版日期:2000-09-15 发布日期:2000-09-15
  • 作者简介:许峰(1972- ),男,福建松溪人,博士研究生。主要从事坡地土壤侵蚀、面源污染与坡地综合整治、生态恢复研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(49871053);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室资助项目(98W008)

A study on soil nutrient loss control by slope eco-engineering in the Three Gorges Reservoir region ——Taking the contour hedgerows as an example

XU Feng1, CAI Qiang-guo1, WU Shu-an1, ZHANG Guang-yuan2, DING Shu-wen2, CAI Cong-fa2   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resouces Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Dept. of Resources and Environment and Agriculture Chemistry, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430000, China
  • Received:1999-10-20 Revised:2000-06-09 Online:2000-09-15 Published:2000-09-15

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118 | 44

摘要： 三峡库区紫色土陡坡地径流小区大雨强模拟降雨实验表明,以等高植物篱为代表的坡地生态工程能相当有效地减少坡面侵蚀量、径流量和坡面氮、磷养分损失量。由于植物篱和带间覆盖稿秆对径流的阻滞作用使坡面径流与表土的混合、养分溶解交换过程更加充分,径流携带的养分流失成为有效养分流失的主要方式。通过施肥改善土壤渗透特性、抗蚀性及带间覆盖能明显提高控制坡面产沙、产流和养分流失。等高植物篱-农作系统各种处理中以施用有机肥和配施有、无机肥-带间麦秆覆盖两种处理效果最好。

关键词: 坡地生态工程, 等高植物篱, 三峡库区, 养分流失

Abstract: The application of contour hedgerows on the slopeland of reservoir region is a typical type of Slope Eco-engineering (SEE). Rainfall simulation (rainfall intensity in 1.14~1.32 mm/min) was made on plots of the purple slopeland (46.6%) planted with contour hedgerows and the slope farmland plot in the Three Gorges Reservoir region. Experiments indicated the soil loss and runoff of the plot just planted contour hedgerows was 16.9% and 24.8% of that of the slope farmland plot under close rainfall and rainfall intensity conditions, and the value of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium was 61.9%, 18.4%, 28.5%, 100.0% and 99.9% of that of the slope farmland plot. The nutrient content in runoff of plots planted with contour hedgerows was higher than that of the slope farmland plot in runoff detention by hedgerows and mulching material. Estimated values of nutrient loss indicated the nutrient loss in runoff is the major way of the available nutrient loss on the slopeland. Thus, decreasing runoff is the effective way to decrease the available nutrient loss in the contour hedgerow-crop system. Ameliorating the infiltrating and erosion resistant characters of surface soil by fertilization and mulching can effectively control soil loss, runoff and nutrient loss. The effect of soil and nutrient loss control was the best in the plot applied organic manure and the plot applied organic/inorganic manure and covered with wheat straws. For the low investment, contour hedgerow-crop system applying organic manure(44 000 kg/hm2) can be an available way to control soil erosion and nutrient loss in this region in case sources of organic manure are sufficient.

Key words: contour hedgerow, Three Gorges Reservoir region, nutrient loss, slopeland eco-engineering

PACS: 

  • S158.5