地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2001, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 83-90.doi: 10.11821/yj2001010012

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

太白山土壤特性及氧化铁发生学特征

雷梅1,2, 常庆瑞2, 冯立孝2, 陈同斌1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所农业生态与环境技术试验站, 北京 100101;
    2. 西北农林科技大学资源与环境科学系 陕西杨陵 712100
  • 收稿日期:2000-06-26 修回日期:2001-01-05 出版日期:2001-02-15 发布日期:2001-02-15
  • 作者简介:雷梅(1973-),女,浙江丽水人,博士生。主要从事土壤分类和土壤环境保护方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(49941005)

Soil characteristic and genetic feature of iron oxide of Taibai Mountains

LEI Mei1,2, CHANG Qin grui2, FENG Li xiao2, CHENG Tong bin1   

  1. 1. Station for Agroecology and Environmental Technology, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Reseach, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Northwestern Agricultural University, Yanglin　712100, China
  • Received:2000-06-26 Revised:2001-01-05 Online:2001-02-15 Published:2001-02-15

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被引次数

41

摘要：

随海拔的降低,秦岭北坡中山区森林土壤因温度、降水和植被类型的变化存在很大差异:高海拔地区发育的酸性湿润雏形土酸度较高,有机质含量十分丰富;与之相比,低海拔地区发育的简育湿润淋溶土有机质含量下降,但结构复杂,土壤具有粘化层。较高的有机质含量和特殊的有机质组成促进了纯针叶林土壤中硅酸盐矿物的溶解,释放出氧化铁并使之螯迁至土壤B层富集。环境因素决定了土壤酸度、有机质等特性,也影响土壤氧化铁的组成和分布。土壤粘粒含量与土体游离氧化铁含量显著相关,剖面铁的游离度与氧化铁全量无关,只与土壤发育程度有关。太白山北坡中山区土壤处于脱盐基富硅铝化的风化发育阶段

关键词: 太白山北坡, 成土因素, 氧化铁形态, 土壤特性

Abstract:

The Taibai Mountain, with an altitude of 3 767 m, is the highest peak of the Qinling Mountain Chain. There are many kinds of climates, abundant vegetation resources, and typical altitudinal belts of soils on the slopes of the Taibai Mountain. The variations in temperature, precipitation and vegetation type are caused by the descending altitude on the northern slope of the Taibai Mountain. In the middle zone, the vegetation type varies from the pure conifer forest to the mixed conifer and broad leaved forests. The climate on the middle zone of northern slope is frigid temperate monsoonal climate and temperate monsoonal climate. With the descending of altitude, vegetation varies from pure conifer forest zonation to conifer and broad leaved forest zonation. Great changes have taken place in the soil properties of this area. Abundent organic matter is contented in the Acid Udic Cambisols generated in the higher area. Compared with it, the Hap Udic Luvisols generated in the lower zone has less organic matter, but the structure of the organic matter is more complex. The claying horizon has formed in the Hap Udic Luvisols. The dissolution of the silicate mineral was accelerated because of the higher content and special composition of the organic matter under the conifer forest, then iron oxide was liberated and cheluviated to B horizon for enrichment. Environmental factors, such as temperature and precipitation influnce not only the formation and illuviation of clay, but also the content of Free and Amorphous Iron Oxides, the free degree, and activation degree. Judged from conformation of the iron oxides, combining the genetic characteristics, the tested soils are in the process of desalinization and silica alumina enrichment.

Key words: northern slope of Taibai Mountain, soil forming factors, iron oxide, soil characteristics

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  • S155.23