沟道流域坡面与沟谷侵蚀演化关系——以晋西王家沟小流域为例

doi:10.11821/yj2004030006

地理研究 ›› 2004, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 329-338.doi: 10.11821/yj2004030006

沟道流域坡面与沟谷侵蚀演化关系——以晋西王家沟小流域为例

陈浩¹, Y.Tsui², 蔡强国¹, L.G.Tham², 胡文生¹, Z.Q.Yue², 黄建国³

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;
2. 香港大学土木工程系,香港;
3. 西南农业大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

收稿日期:2003-08-24 修回日期:2003-02-03 出版日期:2004-06-15 发布日期:2004-06-15
作者简介:陈浩(1954-),男,山东鄄城人,教授。主要从事土壤侵蚀的研究。出版专(编)著三部,发表论文 80多篇。
基金资助:
香港特区政府研究资助局支持项目(HKU7017/01E);国家基金委和黄河水利委员会重点基金项目(50239080);中科院地理科学与资源研究所知识创新工程领域前沿项目(CX10GA000502)

A study of landform morphologic relationships between hillslopes and gullies:taking small catchment of Wangjiagou in west Shanxi as a case

CHEN Hao¹, Y Tsui², CAI Qiang guo¹, L G Tham², HU Wen sheng¹, ZO Yue², HUANG Jian guo³

1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS,Beijing 100101, China;
2. Department of Civil Engineering,Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China;
3. College of Resources and Environment,Southwest Agriculture University, Chongqing 400716,China

Received:2003-08-24 Revised:2003-02-03 Online:2004-06-15 Published:2004-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以往坡、沟侵蚀关系研究主要限于水沙关系的探讨 ,有关原型尺度小流域坡、沟地貌侵蚀演化关系的定量研究甚少 ,尤其是坡、沟地貌特征对流域切割程度的综合影响与交互作用的定量研究尚属空白。本文在 3S技术支持下 ,根据晋西王家沟小流域 196 7年 1∶5 0 0 0正摄影像图 (DOM )、高程数字化模型 (DEM )和同期、同比例尺地形图 ,利用正交多项式回归分析方法 ,定量分析了坡、沟地貌特征对流域切割程度的影响与交互作用。研究表明 ,沟谷地在流域地貌演化及地表切割程度中起主导作用 ,在沟间地面积相同时 ,沟谷地面积约为0 1km2 是影响流域切割裂度侵蚀演化强度最大的区域 ,流域面积愈小影响流域地表破碎的程度最大。其沟道流域坡、沟地貌演化机制可用坡、沟水流动能的地貌指标的综合影响与交互作用来解释

关键词: 坡面与沟谷侵蚀, 小流域, 黄土高原

Abstract:

Previous studies on relationships between hillslope and gully erosion are mainly concentrated on exploration of water and silt relations, few on quantitative studies of evolution relationships between hillslope and gully landform erosion in small catchments of original scales Quantitative studies on synthetic impact and interactions of hillslope and gully geomorphologic characteristics on catchment dissected extent are still a blank in particular This paper, supported by 3S techniques, based on 1∶5000 digital orthophotomap (DOM), digital elevation model (DEM) and topographic map of the same period and of the same scale, quantitatively analysed the impact and interactions of hillslope and gully geomorphologic characteristics on catchment dissected extent by using orthogonal polynomial regression analysis Research results indicated that gullies play a leading role in the catchment morphologic evolution and ground surface dissected extent When inter gully areas are the same, the 0 1 km 2 gully area is the maximum area affecting erosive evolution intensity of the catchment dissected extent The smaller the catchment area is, the greater the affecting extent of catchment surface fragmentation would be The geomorphologic evolution mechanism of channel slopes and gullies can be explained with synthetic impact of geomorphologic indicator of slope and gully fluvial energy Gullied land plays the leading role in affecting catchment dissected extent indicators of D r and L e , when inter gullied land area ( A p ) is constant, there exists maximum value of the dissected extent indicator L e and critical gully catchment area, the catchment dissected extent is the greatest when gully catchment area is about 0 1 km 2. The smaller the gully catchment area is, the greater the gully density would be. When inter gullied land area increases, the dissected extent indicators D r and L e decrease. When gullied land area ( A g ) keeps constant, the catchment dissected extent indicators D r and L e decrease with the increase of inter gullied land area.Catchment dissected extent is synthetically affected by fluvial erodibility under conditions of varying gradients of inter gullies and gullies and their interactions. The evolution mechanism of slope and gully landforms of gully catchment can be explained via synthetic effect of slope and gully fluvial energy landform indicators and their interactions.According to erosional characteristics of slope and gully landforms, to elevate erosional basement level is the key link for controlling modern gully head advancement and hillslope expansion rate of the catchment basins. Priorities should be given to soil and water conservation management of gully catchment area of 0 1 km 2.

Key words: relationship between hillslope and gully erosion, small catchment, the Loess Plateau

陈浩, Y.Tsui, 蔡强国, L.G.Tham, 胡文生, Z.Q.Yue, 黄建国. 沟道流域坡面与沟谷侵蚀演化关系——以晋西王家沟小流域为例[J]. 地理研究, 2004, 23(3): 329-338.

CHEN Hao, Y Tsui, CAI Qiang guo, L G Tham, HU Wen sheng, ZO Yue,HUANG Jian guo. A study of landform morphologic relationships between hillslopes and gullies:taking small catchment of Wangjiagou in west Shanxi as a case[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2004, 23(3): 329-338.

参考文献

[1] 　King L C. The uniformitarian nature of hillslopes. Trans1 Edin1 Geol. Soc.1957,17.
[2] 　Strahler A N1Hyosometric(area2altitude)analysis of erosional topography1Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer.1952,63.
[3] 　Horton R E. Erosional development of streams and t heir drainage basins:Hydrophysical approach to quantitative mor-phology1Bull1 Geol. Soc. Amer1,1945,45:111～1201
[4] 　Strahler A N . Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basins and channel network.Chow V T(ed).Hand Book ofApplied Hyclrology;New York:Meg-Yaw-Hill Inc,1964.
[5] 　卡森M A,柯克拜M J 1窦葆璋译.坡面形态与形成过程.北京:科学出版社,1984.
[6] 　Montgomery D R . Georgiou A F 1Channel network source representation using digital elevation models.Water Re-sources Research,1993,29(12):3925～3934.
[7] 　J O’callaghan1Mark D M. The extraction of drainage networks from digital elevation data1Comput1Vision GraphicsImage process1,1984,28,323～344
[8] 　Rinaldo A,Rodriguez-Iturbe I,Rigon R,et al.A Marani1Minimum energy and fractal structures of drainage net-works.Water Resource. Res1,1992,28:2183～2195.
[9] 　Ignacio Rodriguez-Iturbe,Marco Marni1Self-organize river basin landscapes:fractal and multifractal characteristics.Water Resource. Res1,1993,30(12):3531～3539.
[10] 　承继成,姜美球1流域地貌数学模型1北京:科学出版社,1988.1156～162.
[11] 　陈永宗,等.黄土高原现代侵蚀与治理1北京:科学出版社,1988.
[12] 　尹国康.流域地貌系统1南京:南京大学出版社,1991.
[13] 　陆中臣,等.安塞县的侵蚀与地貌演化趋势预测.见:陈光伟,等主编.黄土高原遥感调查试验研究.北京:科学出版社,1989.201～202.
[14] 　雷阿林,唐克丽.坡沟系统土壤侵蚀回顾与展望.水土保持通报,1997,17(3):37～43.
[15] 　蒋德麒,等.黄河中游小流域泥沙来源初步分析.地理学报,1966,32(1):20～35.
[16] 　曾伯庆.晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区水土流失规律与治理效益.人民黄河,1980,(2)1
[17] 　焦菊英,等.小流域沟间与沟谷地径流与泥沙来量的探讨.水土保持学报,1992,5(2):36～42.
[18] 　蔡强国,等.黄土高原小流域侵蚀产沙过程与模拟1北京:科学出版社,1998.
[19] 　陈浩.黄河中游小流域坡沟侵蚀关系研究1地理研究,1999,18(4):363～372.
[20] 　陈永宗.黄土高原沟道流域产沙过程的初步研究1地理研究,1988,8(2):101～111.

沟道流域坡面与沟谷侵蚀演化关系——以晋西王家沟小流域为例

A study of landform morphologic relationships between hillslopes and gullies:taking small catchment of Wangjiagou in west Shanxi as a case

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	施琳娜, 文琦. 相对贫困视角下的精准扶贫多维减贫效应研究——以宁夏彭阳县为例[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(5): 1139-1151.
[2]	孙锐, 陈少辉, 苏红波. 黄土高原不同生态类型NDVI时空变化及其对气候变化响应[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(5): 1200-1214.
[3]	孙艺杰, 刘宪锋, 任志远, 李双双. 1960—2016年黄土高原多尺度干旱特征及影响因素[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(7): 1820-1832.
[4]	党小虎, 吴彦斌, 刘国彬, 杨勤科, 余小涛, 贾银丽. 生态建设15年黄土高原生态足迹时空变化[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(4): 761-771.
[5]	徐小任, 徐勇. 黄土高原地区人类活动强度时空变化分析[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(4): 661-672.
[6]	刘宇峰, 原志华, 李文正, 孔伟, 张莉, 吴林. 1961-2013年黄土高原地区旱涝特征及极端和持续性分析[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(2): 345-360.
[7]	王子侨, 石翠萍, 蒋维, 杨新军. 社会—生态系统体制转换视角下的黄土高原乡村转型发展——以长武县洪家镇为例[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(8): 1510-1524.
[8]	赵安周, 刘宪锋, 朱秀芳, 潘耀忠, 赵玉玲, 王冬利. 1965-2013年黄土高原地区极端气温趋势变化及空间差异[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(4): 639-652.
[9]	包玉斌, 李婷, 柳辉, 马涛, 王怀香, 刘康, 沈茜, 刘心浩. 基于InVEST模型的陕北黄土高原水源涵养功能时空变化[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(4): 664-676.
[10]	王宇航, 赵鸣飞, 康慕谊, 左婉怡. 黄土高原地区NDVI与气候因子空间尺度依存性及非平稳性研究[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(3): 493-503.
[11]	张甜, 彭建, 刘焱序, 赵明月. 基于植被动态的黄土高原生态地理分区[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(9): 1643-1661.
[12]	李月从, 许清海, 葛亚汶, 李英, 吕素青, 曹现勇, 田芳, 郝利生. 黄土高原中东部沙尘与非沙尘天气花粉组成及来源范围[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(12): 2367-2381.
[13]	胡胜, 曹明明, 刘琪, 张天琪, 邱海军, 刘闻, 宋进喜. 不同视角下InVEST模型的土壤保持功能对比[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(12): 2393-2406.
[14]	刘晗, 吕斌. 太行山区牛叫河小流域土地可持续利用模式探讨[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(6): 1050-1056.
[15]	杨磊, 卫伟, 陈利顶, 蔡国军, 贾福岩. 半干旱黄土丘陵区人工植被深层土壤干化效应[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(1): 71-81.