关键词: 城市气候, 热岛效应, 雨岛效应, 干岛效应, 暗岛效应, 库次涅茨曲线

Abstract:

Human activities have been playing a more and more important role in the environmental changes,especially in the city area where the human activities are most frequent.China is right at high tide of urbanization;and people are putting more and more attention to the environmental problems.Theoretical research indicated that,there is an inverted 'U-shaped' model between the economic development and environmental quality,i.e.Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC).It means that economic growth helps to improve the environmental quality as the economic development reaches a certain level(the turning point).It has its rationality.From the efficiency of resources utilization and the improvement of the technique,economic development indeed helps to improve the environmental quality.So is there such a rule between urbanization and urban climate? How does urbanization influence urban climate?These directly connect the problem of strategic choice of urbanization in the western development. Through analyzing the influence mechanism of urbanization on the urban climate and the trend of the urban climate changes in about 50 years in Northwest China,this paper studies the influence of the urbanization on the urban climate in Northwest China.And then through setting up the relationship models,it further validates that there exists the Kuznets phenomenon between the urbanization and the urban climate to a certain extent. The study shows that the urbanization has had great influence on the urban climate.The results lead to three main conclusions: 1) This region in urban heat island effect,urban dry island effect,urban rain island effect and urban dark island effect exist in the urban climate;2) Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC) exists to a certain extent,but can't completely explain the relationship between the urbanization and the urban climate;and 3) the environment improvement in Northwest China is temporary and unstable.

Key words: urban climate, urban heat island effect, urban dry island effect, urban rain island effect, urban dark island effect, Environmental Kuznets Curve