新疆阜康市景观多样性模拟对空间尺度的响应

doi:10.11821/yj2006020021

地理研究 ›› 2006, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 359-367.doi: 10.11821/yj2006020021

新疆阜康市景观多样性模拟对空间尺度的响应

马胜男^1,3, 岳天祥¹, 吴世新²

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;
2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011;
3. 中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

收稿日期:2005-06-06 修回日期:2005-11-23 出版日期:2006-04-15 发布日期:2006-04-15
作者简介:马胜男(1980-),女,吉林长春人,博士研究生。研究方向为资源环境模型与系统模拟。 E-mail:masn@lreis.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究与发展规划资助项目(2002CB412506);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40371094)

Considering effect of spatial scale on landscape diversity simulation: the case of Fukang city in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

MA Sheng-nan^1,3, YUE Tian-xiang¹, WU Shi-xin²

1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;
2. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,CAS,Urumchi 830011,China;
3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100039,China

Received:2005-06-06 Revised:2005-11-23 Online:2006-04-15 Published:2006-04-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

许多多样性模型仅注重模拟多样性单一方面的信息,忽略了空间尺度因素的作用。比较分析不同模型对空间尺度变化的响应是开展多尺度生态多样性模拟和评估的基础。本文以新疆维吾尔自治区阜康市为案例区,运用7个生态多样性模型对景观元多样性进行了模拟。分析模拟结果发现:①随着空间分辨率的粗化,景观元均匀性方面的多样性变化幅度大于丰富性;②Shannon多样性和Turner多样性在较小的空间尺度上具有一定的规律性;③Whit-taker模型和Margalef模型单纯考虑景观元类型数相对于个体数的变化,景观元类型数对后者贡献更大,前者模拟结果的规律性明显优于后者;④Mladenoff模型和Scaling生态多样性模型综合考虑了景观元多样性的两个方面,但景观元类型数对前者的影响更大,其模拟结果缺乏规律性;Scaling生态多样性模型同时考虑了空间尺度因素的作用,模拟结果具有很好的规律性,更适于多尺度生态多样性的模拟与评估。

关键词: 生态多样性, 景观元多样性, 多样性模型, 空间尺度

Abstract:

The term 'ecological diversity' is a combination of richness and evenness of an investigation object,including HLZ ecosystem diversity,ecotope diversity and species diversity.Many ecological diversity indexes concern only one aspect of diversity,and neglect the effect of spatial scale on diversity simulation.Actually,it is a precondition to consider muti-scale diversity simulation and assessment that the effect of spatial scale on different diversity indexes has been compared and analyzed.This paper takes Fukang city in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as a study area to analyze the effect of spatial scale on ecological simulation by Shannon diversity index,Simpson diversity index,Margalef diversity index,Whittaker diversity index,Turner diversity index,Mladenoff diversity index and Scaling ecological diversity index.The result shows:⑴with spatial resolution getting coarser,change of the ecotope evenness is greater than the ecotope richness;⑵Shannon diversity index and Turner diversity index emphasize more on the ecotope evenness,and the ecotope diversities simulated by these indexes show a general trend on better spatial resolution;Whittaker index and Margalef index simply concern about the proportion between the total number of the ecotope individuals and the ecotope types,and the number of the ecotope types more influence on Margalef index,thus the ecotope diversity simulated by Whittaker index has a better trend;and ⑷Mladenoff index and Scaling ecological diversity index take both of the two aspects of the ecological diversity into account,but the richness has more influence on Mladenoff index thus the diversity simulated by the index has no distinct trend;however,Scaling index also concerns the effect of spatial scale,consequently the ecotope diversity simulated by the index has a better trend than the other diversity indexes.

Key words: ecological diversity, ecotope diversity, diversity index, spatial scales

马胜男, 岳天祥, 吴世新. 新疆阜康市景观多样性模拟对空间尺度的响应[J]. 地理研究, 2006, 25(2): 359-367.

MA Sheng-nan, YUE Tian-xiang, WU Shi-xin. Considering effect of spatial scale on landscape diversity simulation: the case of Fukang city in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2006, 25(2): 359-367.

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新疆阜康市景观多样性模拟对空间尺度的响应

Considering effect of spatial scale on landscape diversity simulation: the case of Fukang city in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

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