文化遗址的景观敏感度评价及可持续利用——以新疆塔什库尔干石头城为例

doi:10.11821/yj2006030017

地理研究 ›› 2006, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 517-525.doi: 10.11821/yj2006030017

文化遗址的景观敏感度评价及可持续利用——以新疆塔什库尔干石头城为例

王云才¹, 陈田², 石忆邵³

1. 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092;
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;
3. 同济大学测量与国土信息工程系上海200092

收稿日期:2005-11-15 修回日期:2006-03-21 出版日期:2006-06-15 发布日期:2006-06-15
作者简介:王云才(1967-),男,陕西勉县人,博士,副教授。主要从事景观与旅游规划设计研究。 E-mail:wangyc@tongji.caup.org;021-65010776
基金资助:
国家十五科技攻关课题(2002BA807B10)

Cultural relic-scape sensitivity evaluation and its sustainable use:a case study of Taxkorgan Stone Town in Xinjiang

WANG Yun-cai¹, CHEN Tian², SHI Yi-shao³

1. College of Architecture &|Urban Planning,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;
2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;
3. Department of Surveying and Land Information Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China

Received:2005-11-15 Revised:2006-03-21 Online:2006-06-15 Published:2006-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文化遗址景观是人类社会所共同拥有的文化和文明延续的载体,是我国重要的文化景观类型,也是重要的景观资源。文化遗址景观的脆弱性一直是关系到遗址景观保护与持续利用方式的关键因素。本文以石头城为案例,以文化遗址景观敏感度研究为出发点,在对景观生态敏感度、景观视觉敏感度和景观建筑及其环境敏感度评价的基础上,对遗址景观敏感度进行综合评价。以敏感度评价为基础,探讨基于敏感度的遗址可持续利用对策。

关键词: 文化遗址, 景观敏感度评价, 持续利用, 塔什库尔干石头城

Abstract:

Cultural relic-scape is an important type of cultural landscape heritage and also an important type of landscape resource.But cultural landscapes were conserved totally in a simply way in the past and were not open to visitors.With the development of tourism,cultural relic-scape is becoming an important cultural tourism resources and attracting more and more visitors all over the world.Because of being neglected for a long time some cultural relic-scapes have been naturally damaged or disturbed by tourism,so it is necessary and meaningful to do more researches on relic-scape effective conservation and sustainable development.Cultural relic-scape sensitivity is the key factor influencing relic-scape conservation and sustainable developing models.The sensitivity evaluation is the basic research to sustainable development of cultural relic-scapes.The characteristics of landscape sensitivity are determined by landscape ecological sensitivity(LE),visional sensitivity(LV) and landscape architecture sensitivity(LA).Based on the evaluation of LA,LV and LA,the indexes of landscape sensitivity are calculated through the formula LS=3LE·LV·LA and divided into five levels which are dissensitive(1.0-2.0),low sensitivity(2.1-4.0),mid-sensitivity(4.1-6.0),higher sensitivity(6.1-8.0) and highest sensitivity(8.0-9.0).This paper,taking the Taxkorgan Stone Town in Xinjiang as case study and the sensitivity evaluation as start-point,based on landscape ecological sensitivity evaluation,landscape visional sensitivity evaluation and landscape architecture and its surroundings sensitivity evaluation,evaluate landscape sensitivity systematically.The main conclusions are:(1)The snow mountains are the main distant environment landscape and the river valley is the visional corridor to this region and with remarkable and sensitive characteristics.(2) The stone town relic-scape and the sandbanks are highly ecological sensitive,the relicscape and waterscape are highly visional sensitive and the relic town is made up by stones,mud and grasses and farmer's houses are most sensitive to landscape.According to the conclusions of sensitivity evaluations,the countermeasures of relic-scape sustainable development are discussed,which are effective conservation and sustainable development,dividing into key region,buildings controlling region,landscape coordinating region and original landscape conservation area,rational landscape capacity and tourist behavior standards,ways for entering and controlling of infrastructures and the ways of re-imaging historical culture landscape and sustainable development.

Key words: cultural relic, landscape sensitivity evaluation, sustainable development, Taxkorgan Stone Town in Xinjiang

王云才, 陈田, 石忆邵. 文化遗址的景观敏感度评价及可持续利用——以新疆塔什库尔干石头城为例[J]. 地理研究, 2006, 25(3): 517-525.

WANG Yun-cai, CHEN Tian, SHI Yi-shao. Cultural relic-scape sensitivity evaluation and its sustainable use:a case study of Taxkorgan Stone Town in Xinjiang[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2006, 25(3): 517-525.

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文化遗址的景观敏感度评价及可持续利用——以新疆塔什库尔干石头城为例

Cultural relic-scape sensitivity evaluation and its sustainable use:a case study of Taxkorgan Stone Town in Xinjiang

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