关键词: 社会区, 因子生态分析, 上海市

Abstract:

Urban socio-spatial structure is an important research results on urban geography.The research results on urban social areas in urban China are rather limited. Based on the fifth national census data in 2000 at subdistrict level of Shanghai's Central Urban Area,the social area analysis was carried out by using the method of factorial ecological analysis.The result reveals that there are mainly five factors which underlay the social spatial structure of Shanghai in the transitional period:(1) old and temporary population,exhibiting approximately concentric zonal distribution;(2) socio-economic status,exhibiting an obvious sectoral distribution;(3) residential condition,presenting concentric circle distribution;(4)commercial and agricultural population,displaying approximately multi-nuclei distribution;and(5) public housing,exhibiting zonal distribution along the inner-ring road of Shanghai.The social areas in Shanghai can be divided into six types by cluster analysis: the inner city concentrated with old population,located in the urban core area;higher socio-economic residential areas,located in the southwest and north sectors;work-unit public housing residential zone,located along the inner-ring road;newly built house area with large immigrated population,located between the inner-ring and outer-ring roads;temporary population aggregated areas,located in the urban fringe;and agricultural population scattered residential area,located in the periphery area.The concept model of the urban social mosaic exhibits generally a zonal pattern with the synthesis of sectoral and multi-nuclei pattern.We hold that the history of urban development,urban planning,reform of land-use institution and urban renewal,the release of Hukou management,the welfare of housing distribution system and its market-oriented reform constituted the main formation mechanism.The dual influence of planning and market is embodied.

Key words: social areas, factorial ecological analysis, Shanghai