华北石质山区坡地产流模型

doi:10.11821/yj2006040014

地理研究 ›› 2006, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (4): 673-680.doi: 10.11821/yj2006040014

华北石质山区坡地产流模型

胡堃^1,2, 于静洁¹, 夏军¹, 宋献方¹, 杨聪¹, 李发东^1,3, 刘相超¹, 唐常源^1,3

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,中北京100101;
2. 中国科学院研究生院,北京100039;
3. 日本千叶大学,日本千叶263-8522

收稿日期:2005-08-10 修回日期:2006-01-12 出版日期:2006-08-15 发布日期:2006-08-15
作者简介:胡堃(1981-),男,贵州六盘水人,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为水文过程。E-mail:huk@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40371025,50279049);中国科学院知识创新工程领域前沿项目(CX10G-E01-08-02)

Plot-scale runoff generation model of lithoid mountainous areas in North China

HU Kun^1,2, YU Jing-jie¹, XIA Jun¹, SONG Xian-fang¹, YANG Cong¹, LI Fa-dong^1,3, LIU Xiang-chao¹, TANG Chang-yuan^1,3

1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;
2. Graduate School of CAS,Beijing 100039,China;
3. Chiba University,Chiba 263-8522,Japan

Received:2005-08-10 Revised:2006-01-12 Online:2006-08-15 Published:2006-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

坡地是流域的基本产流单元。对坡地产流模型的研究,可为研究流域的水文过程奠定基础。本文在认识坡地产流规律的基础上,经过对人工模拟降雨试验中取得的产流各个环节(降雨、出流及土壤含水量变化)的数据的分析,建立了一个具有物理机制的简单的坡面产流模型。其中,使用Horton模型模拟入渗和地表产流过程,用水箱模型模拟壤中流过程。模型能够同时对降雨过程中的地表、地下出流和土壤含水量变化过程进行模拟。计算得到的产流总量的误差较小,但在变化过程线上存在一些差异。这些差异主要是由模型对实际情况的简化和假定、数学模拟的局限性、变雨强降雨过程的复杂性等因素引起的。这种分层组合的坡面产流模型对华北石质山区的上层超渗、下层蓄满的产流特征是可行的。本文所做的工作是对华北石质山区分布式水文模型的产流模块的初步尝试。

关键词: 华北石质山区, 模拟降雨试验, 坡地产流, 数学模拟, Horton模型, 水箱模型

Abstract:

The slopes are the basic Runoff Generation cells of the catchment.The study on the slope-scale runoff generation model can give references and proofs to the advanced research on the catchment-scale hydrological models.Thirteen Field Simulated Rainfall Experiments with different rainfall intensities and durations have been taken in a 5m×10m experimental plot of Dongtaigou valley in the mountainous area in North China,and the process of rainfall,surface and subsurface flow and soil water moisture during the experiments have been automatically observed with intervals of 1min.Based on the analysis of the observed data,we constructed a simple and physically based layered combinatorial model,which uses the Horton Infiltration Model for the infiltration and surface flow simulation,and uses the Tank Model for the subsurface flow,to simulate the runoff generation and soil moisture changing.The results simulated by the model have been compared with the measured rainfall-runoff course.The result shows that the layered combinatorial model is practicable in lithoid mountainous areas,where the runoff includes excess infiltration surface flow and excess storage subsurface flow.This model can simulate the surface and subsurface flow and soil moisture simultaneously,but the simulated routing curves some differences with the observed ones.These differences may be produced principally by(1) the predigestion and supposition in the model building phase,(2) the built-in limitation of the mathematical simulation,and(3) the complexity caused by the fluctuating rainfall intensity.It is an attempt on the Slope Runoff-generation Module of the distributed hydrological model in the lithoid mountainous areas in North China.

Key words: lithoid mountainous areas in North China, simulated rainfall experiment, slope runoff generation, mathematical simulation, Horton Model, Tank Model

胡堃, 于静洁, 夏军, 宋献方, 杨聪, 李发东, 刘相超, 唐常源. 华北石质山区坡地产流模型[J]. 地理研究, 2006, 25(4): 673-680.

HU Kun,YU Jing-jie,XIA Jun,SONG Xian-fang,YANG Cong,LI Fa-dong,LIU Xiang-chao,TANG Chang-yuan. Plot-scale runoff generation model of lithoid mountainous areas in North China[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2006, 25(4): 673-680.

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华北石质山区坡地产流模型

Plot-scale runoff generation model of lithoid mountainous areas in North China

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