地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2006, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 1022-1030.doi: 10.11821/yj2006060009

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

渤海与环渤海地区年降水量的统计分析

李宁, 刘珍, 顾卫   

  1. 环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875
  • 收稿日期:2006-02-11 修回日期:2006-08-30 出版日期:2006-12-15 发布日期:2006-12-15
  • 作者简介:李宁(1958-),女,江苏镇江人,博士,副教授。主要从事自然资源和自然灾害方面的研究。 E-mail:ningli@ires.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学重点基金“渤海海冰作为淡水资源的储量测算”(40335048);国家科技部863研究项目“渤海海冰资源开发与农业综合利用技术研究”(2004AA4020)

Statistic analysis of average annual precipitation in the areas in and around Bohai Sea

LI Ning,LIU Zhen,GU Wei   

  1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education;College of Resources Science and Technology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2006-02-11 Revised:2006-08-30 Online:2006-12-15 Published:2006-12-15

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52 | 7

摘要：

本文以渤海海域及环渤海地区分水岭内为研究区域,利用环渤海地区分水岭内92个气象站点自1971年至2000年30年的降水量资料,基于ARC/INFO地理信息系统支持下的泰森多边形法,对研究区域内的平均年降水量进行了统计分析。结论如下:环渤海地区分水岭以内区域的平均年降水量占整个环渤海地区2000年降水量的63.88%;渤海海域海水直接利用量占该海域平均年降水量的8.82%,其中辽东湾的海水利用量占该湾平均年降水量的3.09%,渤海湾为15.86%,莱州湾为17.38%;辽东湾2002年的海冰资源量占该湾平均年降水量的6.08%。在渤海海域水量平衡的关系研究中,本研究是初步的,基础的。划出分水岭内的研究区域进行平均年降水量的统计较对整个环渤海地区进行统计更具精确性。

关键词: 环渤海, 渤海, 平均年降水量, 海水, 海冰资源量

Abstract:

Researches on the exploitation and utilization of sea water and sea ice as a kind of fresh water resource of Bohai Sea have been conducted recently.However,the impact of such activities on the water balance of Bohai Sea has seldom been studied.This paper focuses on such an impact from the aspect of the contribution of atmospheric precipitation to the water balance of Bohai Sea.We chose Bohai Sea area and the seaward land in the watershed as the research area.Based on the average annual precipitation data from 92 meteorological stations in the researched land area from 1971 to 2000,we use Thiessen polygon theory grounding on GIS to make statistic analysis of average annual precipitation in the two areas.Statistic results show that average annual precipitation in the watershed is 63.88% of the total precipitation in the whole land area in 2000,being three times of the water required in this area.The amount of the sea water which was directly utilized from Liaodong Bay is 3.09% of the average annual precipitation in this bay,which is 15.86% in Bohai Bay,17.38% in Laizhou Bay and 8.82% in the whole Bohai Sea.And the sea ice reserve in Liaodong Bay in 2002 is 6.08% of the average annual precipitation in this bay.Results show that it is feasible to calculate average annual precipitation based on the Thiessen polygon theory in the researched area of seaward land in the watershed.Compared with(using) average annual precipitation in the whole area around Bohai Sea in calculating the(amount) of water finally flowing into Bohai Sea from land,the method of picking out the seaward land in the watershed to conduct the calculation is much more reasonable.The(approach) applied in this research of examining the relationship between the amount of the exploited and utilized sea water and sea ice and the average annual precipitation in Bohai Sea area is primary,but it is in support of further study on the relationship between the(amount) of the exploited and utilized sea water and sea ice and the water balance in Bohai Sea.

Key words: area around Bohai Sea, Bohai Sea, average annual precipitation, sea water, sea ice