TOPMODEL中地形指数ln 的新算法

doi:10.11821/yj2007010005

地理研究 ›› 2007, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 37-46.doi: 10.11821/yj2007010005

TOPMODEL中地形指数ln 的新算法

雍斌¹, 张万昌², 陈艳华^1,1

1. 南京大学国际地球系统科学研究所, 南京210093;
2. 中科院大气物理所东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室, 北京100029

收稿日期:2006-03-22 修回日期:2006-08-25 出版日期:2007-01-25 发布日期:2007-01-25
作者简介:雍斌 (1975-),男,安徽省马鞍山市人,博士研究生。主要研究方向是遥感与地理信息系统及其在水文学中的应用。E-mail: yongbin@tea.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (2006CB400502);中科院"百人计划"启动项目 (8-047401);教育部科学技术重点项目 (2001 CB309404)

A new algorithm of the topographic index ln in TOPMODEL and its resultant analysis (1.International Institute for Earth System Science (ESSI),Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China|2.Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, Beijing 100029,China)

YONG Bin¹, ZHANG Wan-chang², CHEN Yan-hua^1,1

(
1. International Institute for Earth System Science (ESSI),Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, Beijing 100029,China)[WT][JZ)]

Received:2006-03-22 Revised:2006-08-25 Online:2007-01-25 Published:2007-01-25
Supported by:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (2006CB400502);中科院"百人计划"启动项目 (8-047401);教育部科学技术重点项目 (2001 CB309404)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： TOPMODEL中地形指数ln (α/tanβ)被用来近似表征流域径流源面积和地下水水位的空间分布特征,目前广泛使用的计算地形指数的方法为多流向算法 (FD8算法)。本文首先介绍了多流向算法的基本原理,并基于此对流动累积分配中的有效等高线长度精确计算提出了几何锥面内切圆算法,同时改进了传统的地形指数中单位等高线汇流面积α的计算方法,增强了多流向算法对DEM中异常栅格的处理能力。改进后的地形指数新算法在两个不同流域和不同分辨率DEM上与传统多流向算法进行了对比分析。结果表明新算法在原理上更符合地形指数物理意义,实际应用中其计算结果更准确。这种地形指数新算法的提出对于流域水文过程机理分析及陆面过程定量化研究具有一定的现实意义。

关键词: 地形指数ln (α/tanβ), TOPMODEL, 多流向算法, 有效等高线

Abstract: Topographic index in TOPMODEL, ln (α/tanβ), is used to approximately characterize the spatial distributions of source area of surface runoff and groundwater tables in a catchment, the different algorithms utilized for computation of this parameter as well as the DEM in various spatial resolutions for such purpose can result in quite different estimations on spatial pattern and statistical distribution of the index. At present, the most widely utilized algorithm in the digital terrain analysis (DTA) method for calculating ln(α/tanβ) index is the multiple flow direction algorithm (FD8). On the basis of brief introduction to fundamental theory of FD8, a new algorithm to accurately calculate the effective contour length in the accumulated flow partitioning involved in ln(α/tanβ) computation by using internal tangent circle on conical surface method was proposed. Meanwhile the equations for calculating the cumulative upslope source area α were improved for rational computation of ln (α/tanβ) and a set of computing scheme for overcoming the noise of the abnormal grids to topographic index calculation was proposed. The new algorithm and original FD8 algorithm are both applied to two different catchments for comparison. Furthermore, we use four kinds of different resolutions (10-,20-,30- and 60-m) DEM to compute the spatial distribution of topographic index of Zhifanggou catchment. As a result, it is found that the new algorithm is more correct to express the relationship of upslope contribution area and soil water content in TOPMODEL and more accurate to reflect the hydrological similarity of real catchments. The new algorithm proposed in this paper will be useful to a certain extent to analyze watershed hydrological processes and quantify the land surface processes.

Key words: topographic index ln (α/tanβ), TOPMODEL, multiple flow direction algorithms, effective contour length

雍斌, 张万昌, 陈艳华. TOPMODEL中地形指数ln 的新算法[J]. 地理研究, 2007, 26(1): 37-46.

YONG Bin, ZHANG Wan-chang, CHEN Yan-hua. A new algorithm of the topographic index ln in TOPMODEL and its resultant analysis (1.International Institute for Earth System Science (ESSI),Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China|2.Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, Beijing 100029,China)[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2007, 26(1): 37-46.

参考文献

[1] Beven K J,Kirkby M J. A physically based, variable contributing area model of basin hydrology. Hydrological Science Bulletin,1979,24:43~69.

[2] Beven K J,Kirkby M J, Schofield N, et al. Testing a physically-based flood forecasting model (TOPMODEL) for three U.K.catchments. Journal of Hydrology,1984,69:119~143.

[3] Wolock D M. Simulating the variable-source-area concept of stream flow generation with the watershed model TOPMODEL. In: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigation Report 93-4124.Lawrence,Kansas.1993.

[4] Ambroise B,Freer J,Beven K J. Towards a generalization of the TOPMODEL concepts: topographic indices of hydrological similarity. Water Resource Research,1996,32:2135~2145.

[5] Beven K J. TOPMODEL: A critique. Hydrological Processes,1997,11:1069~1085.

[6] Lamb R. Distributed hydrological prediction using generalized TOPMODEL concepts. PhD Thesis, Lancaster University, Lancaster,U K.1996.

[7] Beven K J. Rainfall Runoff Modelling: The Primer. Chichester: Johy Wiley,2000.179~208.

[8] Quinn P,Beven K J,Lamb R. The ln(α/tanβ) index: how to calculate it and how to use it in the TOPMODEL framework. Hydrological Processes,1994,9:161~185.

[9] Jenson S K,Domingue J O. Extracting topographic structures from digital elevation data for digital elevation data for geographic information systems analysis. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing,1988,54(11):1593~1600.

[10] Fairfield J,Leymarie P. Drainage networks from grid digital elevation models. Water Resource Research,1991,27:709~717.

[11] Quinn P,Beven K J,Planchon O. The prediction of hillslope flow paths for distributed hydrological modeling using digital terrain models. Hydrological Processes,1991,5:59~79.

[12] Giuseppe M,Aurella S. Information content theory for the estimation of the topographic index distribution used in TOPMODEL. Hydrological Process,1997,11:1099~1114.

[13] Costa-Cabral M C,Burges S J. Digital elevation model networks(DEMON):A model of flow over hillslopes for computation of contributing and dispersal areas. Water Resource Research,1994,30:1681~1692.

[14] Tarboton D G. A new method for the determination of flow directions and contributing areas in grid digital elevation model. Water Resource Research,1997,33(2):309~319.

[15] 邓慧平,李秀彬.地形指数的物理意义分析.地理科学进展,2002,21(2):103~110.

[16] 解河海,黄国如.地形指数若干计算方法探讨.河海大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(1):46~50.

[17] 孔凡哲,芮孝芳. TOPMODEL中地形指数计算方法的探讨.水科学进展,2003,13(1):41~45.

[18] 谢顺平,都金康,等.基于DEM的复杂地形流域特征提取.地理研究,2006,25(1):96~102.

[19] 孔凡哲,芮孝芳.基于地形特征的流域水文相似性.地理研究,2003,22(6):709~715.

[20] Wolock D M,Gregory J,McCabe J. Comparison of single and multiple flow direction algorithms for computing topographic parameters in TOPMODEL. Water Resource Research,1995,31(5):1315~1324.

[21] Moore I D. Hydrological and GIS. In: Goodchild M F, Steyaery L T, Parks B O, et al.(eds. ).GIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issues. Fort Collins.1995.

[22] Beven K J,Quinn P, Lamb R, et al. TOPMODEL and GRIDATB-A users guide to the distribution versions(94.01). In: Tech.Rep. TR110/94. Lancaster, England.1994.

[23] Zhang W, Montgomery D R. Digital elevation model grid size, landscape representation, and hydrologic simulations. Water Resource Research,1994,30:1019~1028.

[24] James B,Keith R. Interactions between model predictions, parameters and DTM scales for TOPMODEL.Computers&Geoscience,1998,24(4):299~314.

TOPMODEL中地形指数ln 的新算法

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0