贺兰山针叶林结构特征与种类组成的比较

doi:10.11821/yj2007020011

地理研究 ›› 2007, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 305-313.doi: 10.11821/yj2007020011

贺兰山针叶林结构特征与种类组成的比较

朱源¹, 康慕谊¹, 刘全儒², 苏云³, 江源¹

1. 北京师范大学资源学院,中国生态资产评估研究中心,环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京 100875;
2. 北京师范大学生命科学学院,北京 100875;
3. 内蒙古自治区贺兰山国家级自然保护区管理局,阿拉善左旗 750306

收稿日期:2006-04-07 修回日期:2006-09-06 出版日期:2007-03-25 发布日期:2007-03-25
作者简介:朱源(1983-),男,江西武宁人,博士研究生。主要从事植被生态学和生物多样性方面研究。 E-mail :zhuyuan@ires.cn *通讯作者 : 康慕谊(1952-),男,教授,博士生导师。E-mail :kangmy@bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40371043和40271047)

Comparison of forest structure and floristic composition of coniferous forest in Helan Mountain

ZHU Yuan¹, KANG Mu-yi¹, Liu Quan-ru², Su Yun³, Jiang Yuan¹

1. College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University|China Ecological Assessment Research Center at Beijing Normal University|Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education of China|Beijing 100875, China;
2. College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
3. Administrative Bureau of the Mount Helan National-level Reserve, Alxa Left Banner, Inner Mongolia 750306, China

Received:2006-04-07 Revised:2006-09-06 Online:2007-03-25 Published:2007-03-25
Supported by:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40371043和40271047)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 贺兰山针叶林是我国西北地区珍贵的森林生态系统,本文通过研究其结构特征和植物种类组成,为森林保育提供建议。基于森林结构特征,贺兰山针叶林可分为4类,分别为乔木径级组成以小于10cm为主,以10~20cm为主,径级组成较均衡和以大于30cm为主。分类的结果主要反映了砍伐后恢复时间的长短和海拔高度的影响。根据样方的物种组成分析,共得6个群丛,主要反映了海拔的影响。物种密度以云杉藓类林最低。云杉藓类林向上与高山灌丛草甸交错,物种密度增加。海拔降低,云杉林类型改变,物种密度增加。海拔最低的油松林,物种最为丰富。两种分类反映了贺兰山针叶林不同方面的特征,但也存在联系。海拔高度对于森林结构和物种组成的影响都是明显的,而当森林结构特征类似时,包含的群丛较多,但某一群丛则往往仅属于一种或两种结构类型。

关键词: 森林结构, 植物种组成, 分类, 比较分析

Abstract: Coniferous forest in Helan Mountain is the relatively rare forest ecosystem in northwestern China. For the conservation of forest, the structure and floristic composition of coniferous forest have been studied. Based on principal components analysis of forest structure, mainly four kinds of forest could be obtained, that is diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees mostly less than 10 cm, DBH of trees mostly between 10 and 20 cm, DBH of trees distributed approximally equally and DBH of trees mostly greater than 30 cm. The result mainly reflected the times after prohibition of logging, and also indictated the effects imposed by altitude. Based on TWINSPAN analysis of species composition, six plant associations could be found, which were mainly influenced by altitude. The species density in spruce-moss forest was the minimum in the whole coniferous forest. Ascending from spruce-moss forest, the forest disappeared gradually and overlapped with alpine bushes and meadow, with species density increasing. Decreasing with altitude, the floristic composition changed and species density increased. Down to the lowest pine forest, the species was most abundant. The comparison of the classification of forest structure with that of species composition indicated that, though the criteria of analyses were different and the features of forest were viewed from different sides, there existed some inherent relations between foreset structure and floristic composition. The forest structure and species composition were all mainly influenced by altitude. When the forest structures were similar, several plant associations could be found, but one assicoation always belonged to single forest structural type.

Key words: forest structure, plant species composition, classification, compariative analysis

朱源, 康慕谊, 刘全儒, 苏云, 江源. 贺兰山针叶林结构特征与种类组成的比较[J]. 地理研究, 2007, 26(2): 305-313.

ZHU Yuan, KANG Mu-yi, Liu Quan-ru, Su Yun, Jiang Yuan. Comparison of forest structure and floristic composition of coniferous forest in Helan Mountain[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2007, 26(2): 305-313.

参考文献

[1] 李双成,杨勤业.中国森林资源动态变化的社会经济学初步分析.地理研究,2000,19(1):1~7.

[2] 励龙昌, 孟宪宇.区域森林资源结构调整的原则.北京林业大学学报,2001,23(3):26~29.

[3] Fridman J.Conservation of forest in Sweden: a strategic ecological analysis.Biological Conservation,2000,96:95~103.

[4] Brand D G.Criteria and indicators for the conservation and sustainable management of forest: progress to date and future directions. Biomass and Bioenergy,1997,13:247~253.

[5] Kaya Z, Raynal D J. Biodiversity and conservation of Turkish forests. Biological Conservation,2001,97:131~141.

[6] 王维芳,郎奎建.方山林场森林资源结构动态分析与经营对策.东北林业大学学报,2004,32(3):4~7.

[7] 赵玉锁.呼和浩特市森林资源结构分析及经营建议.内蒙古林业调查设计,2002,25(增刊):66~67.

[8] 吕一河,傅伯杰,陈利顶.汶川县生物多样性保育与区域发展的综合地域划分.地理研究,2004,23(4):504~512.

[9] Hall J S, Harris D J, Medjibe V, et al.The effects of selective logging on forest structure and tree species composition in a Central African forest: implications for management of conservation areas. Forest Ecology and Management,2003,183:249~264.

[10] Ankersen T T, Regan K E, Mack S A. Towards a bioregional approach to tropical forest conservation:Costa Rica’s Greater Osa Bioregion.Futures,2006,38:406~431.

[11] 田连恕.贺兰山东坡植被.呼和浩特:内蒙古大学出版社,1996.

[12] Jiang Y, Kang M Y, Liu S, et al. A study on the vegetation in the east side of Helan Mountain.Plant Ecology,2000,149:119~130.

[13] 梁存柱,朱宗元,王炜,等.贺兰山植物群落类型多样性及其空间分异.植物生态学报,2004,28(3):361~368.

[14] 冯林,王立明,朱国胜.贺兰山西坡林型的研究.干旱区资源与环境,1987,1(3~4):77~86.

[15] 李怀珠,李志刚,吕海军.宁夏贺兰山森林资源变化分析.宁夏农林科技,2000,(增刊):31~35.

[16] 汪一鸣. 1000年来贺兰山地区生物多样性及其环境的变化.宁夏大学学报(自然科学版),2000,21(3):260~264.

[17] 刘菊湘.关于宁夏森林演变的几个问题.宁夏社会科学,2004,(3):77~81.

[18] 李志刚,王东,赵春玲,等.对贺兰山封山育林工作的初步探讨.宁夏农林科技,2000,(增刊):26~30.

[19] 赵玉山,孙萍,周兴强,等.封山育林对贺兰山生态环境的作用.内蒙古林业调查设计,2004,27(4):7~9.

[20] 狄维忠.贺兰山维管植物.西安:西北大学出版社,1986.

[21] 赵一之.贺兰山西坡维管束植物志要.内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版),1987,18(2):279~310.

[22] 许朝斋,林之光,汪奕琮.贺兰山区气候若干问题.地理学报,1993, 48(2):171~176.

[23] 刘卫国,吕鸣伦.地理信息系统和遥感技术支持下的山地环境梯度分析方法研究.地理研究,1997,16(3):63~69.

[24] Fu P, Rich P M. Design and implementation of the Solar Analyst: an ArcView extension for modeling solar radiation at landscape scales. Proceedings of the 19th Annual ESRI User-Conference,SanDiego,USA,1999.

[25] 江源,黄晓霞,黄秋如,等.小五台山亚高山景观尺度水热条件与植被关系.地理学报,2005,60(4):698~704.

[26] 俞益民,赵等海,梅曙光,等.贺兰山地区青海云杉生长与环境的关系.西北林学院学报,1999,14(1):16~21.

[27] 张金屯.数量生态学.北京:科学出版社,2004.

[28] 朱源,康慕谊.排序和广义线性模型与广义可加模型在植物种与环境关系研究中的应用.生态学杂志,2005,24(7):807~811.

[29] Ter Braak C J F, milauer P. CANOCO Reference Manual and CanoDraw for Windows User's Guide: Software for Canonical Community Ordination (version 4.5). Microcomputer Power (Ithaca, NY USA),2002.

[30] 吴以德.宁夏山地林区的土壤类型.宁夏农业科技,1982,(5):11~17.

[31] 吴征镒.中国植被.北京:科学出版社,1985.

[32] 江源,熊敏.贺兰山植物物种资源构成的垂直分异.资源科学,2002,24(3):49~53.

[33] 胡天华.宁夏贺兰山青海云杉针叶枯黄原因调查.中国森林病虫,2004,23(6):44.

贺兰山针叶林结构特征与种类组成的比较

Comparison of forest structure and floristic composition of coniferous forest in Helan Mountain

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	张红旗, 李达净. 西北干旱区不稳定耕地概念与分类研究——以新疆昌吉州为例[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(3): 597-612.
[2]	袁爽, 许强, 赵宽耀, 王绚, 王崔林. 陇东合水县塬梁峁地貌分类及演化[J]. 地理研究, 2020, 39(8): 1920-1933.
[3]	徐勇,赵燊,段健. 国土空间规划的土地利用分类方案研究[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(10): 2388-2401.
[4]	段健,徐勇,赵燊. 国土空间规划的用海分类体系探讨[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(10): 2402-2414.
[5]	王静, 王雯, 祁元, 何挺, 吴瑞娟, 陈媛媛. 中国生态用地分类体系及其1996-2012年时空分布[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(3): 453-470.
[6]	乔鲜果, 郭柯, 赵利清, 杨瑶, 赵海卫. 青藏高原羽柱针茅草原的分布、群落特征和分类[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(12): 2432-2440.
[7]	王然, 连芳, 余瀚, 史培军, 王静爱. 基于孕灾环境的全球台风灾害链分类与区域特征分析[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(5): 836-850.
[8]	揭懋汕, 郭洁, 陈罗烨, 雪燕, 薛领. 碳约束下中国县域尺度农业全要素生产率比较研究[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(5): 898-908.
[9]	王芳, 高晓路, 许泽宁. 基于街区尺度的城市商业区识别与分类及其空间分布格局——以北京为例[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(6): 1125-1134.
[10]	闫峰, 丛日春. 中国沙地分类进展及编目体系[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(3): 455-465.
[11]	肖显静, 林祥磊. 生态学实验的分类概况、欠缺及其完善[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(4): 653-662.
[12]	王成金, 金凤君, 何丹. 自然灾害承险体的分类技术与方案[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(3): 431-440.
[13]	林琳, 邬天媛, 李景科, 张雪萍. 大庆草甸草原区大型土壤动物功能类群[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(1): 41-54.
[14]	石忆邵, 尹昌应, 王贺封, 谭文垦. 城市综合承载力的研究进展及展望[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(1): 133-145.
[15]	吴健生, 潘况一, 彭建, 黄秀兰. 基于QUEST决策树的遥感影像土地利用分类——以云南省丽江市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(11): 1973-1980.