地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2007, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 1127-1136.doi: 10.11821/yj2007060007

• 环境与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

宁南地区地表特征参数及辐射平衡区域分布

郭建茂1, 于 强2, 王连喜3, 陆维松1   

  1. 1. 南京信息工程大学应用气象系,南京 210044;
    2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101;
    3. 宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,银川 750002
  • 收稿日期:2006-09-24 修回日期:2007-05-22 出版日期:2007-11-25 发布日期:2007-11-25
  • 作者简介:郭建茂(1968-),男,山西太谷人。主要从事农业生态、环境遥感研究工作。E-mail:guojianmao2004@sohu.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(N40575057)、中国气象局成都高原气象研究所开放实验室基金(LPM2005005)和科技部社会公益项目(2001DIB10089)共同资助

Study on regional distribution of land surface parameters and components of surface radiation balanceover South Ningxia

GUO Jian-mao1, YU Qiang2, WANG Lian-xi3, LU Wei-song1   

  1. 1. Department of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044,China;
    2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention andMitigation of Ningxia,Yinchuan 750002,China
  • Received:2006-09-24 Revised:2007-05-22 Online:2007-11-25 Published:2007-11-25
  • Supported by:

    国家自然科学基金(N40575057)、中国气象局成都高原气象研究所开放实验室基金(LPM2005005)和科技部社会公益项目(2001DIB10089)共同资助

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摘要：

本文利用2001年6月30日LANDSAT-7 ETM+卫星遥感资料和宁夏南部及周边区域22个气象站气象观测资料,求得地表特征参数中NDVI、地表反射率、地表温度和地表辐射平衡各量中地表短波吸收辐射、地表长波辐射区域、大气逆辐射、净辐射的区域分布和分布直方图,将地表分成5类,分类别讨论了其各量分布特征。主要研究结果表明:地表特征参数及地表辐射平衡各量的分布均呈现明显的地带性,各区域分布图上山体、水体的轮廓很显著,主要原因是山上及河流附近生长着茂密的植被,说明植被的分布在相当程度上影响了辐射平衡各量和地表特征参数的分布。

关键词: 地表特征参数, 辐射平衡分量, 区域分布, 遥感, 宁夏南部

Abstract:

Dealing with regional land surface parameters and radiation balance components is a very important and difficult task. Studying on land surface parameters and components of surface radiation balance over inhomogeneous landscape, the utilization of satellite remote sensing is indispensable. In this study, a parameterization method based on Landsat-7 ETM+ data and 22 weather stations data is described for deriving the regional distributions of land surface parameters (NDVI,surface reflectance, surface temperature) and components of surface radiation balance (surface absorbed shortwave radiation, surface upward longwave radiation,downward atmospheric radiation, net radiation) over the southern Ningxia region.Distribution map and histograms of the parameters and components are given. Furthermore, the southern Ningxia region is classified into five surface types, regional distributions of land surface parameters and components of surface radiation balance are discussed according to each type. The results indicate: (1) All the regional distributions are characteristic in their terrain nature and the regional distributions are obvious and regular. The maps of mountains and rivers are very clear with dense vegetations growing on the mountains and by the rivers. It is seen that the derived regional distributions of land surface parameters and components of surface radiation balance for the whole mesoscale area are well in accord with the land surface status. (2) The maximum NDVI is on the Liupan mountains (with a forest) followed by the Yueliang mountain and rivers and other irrigated areas (with grass or crops),and the low NDVI value area over water bodies and nudation.(3)The regional distributions of surface reflectance and surface temperature are basically in-phase opposition with the corresponding regional distributions of NDVI.(4)The surface absorbed shortwave radiation is high over the Liupan mountain, the Yueliang mountain and by the rivers, and the nudation is low.On clear day, the surface absorbed shortwave radiation is mainly determined by surface reflectance. The regional distribution of net radiation is similar to the surface absorbed shortwave distribution.

Key words: land surface parameters, components of surface radiation balance, regional distribution, remote sensing, southern Ningxia