地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2008, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 811-818.doi: 10.11821/yj2008040009

• 水文与水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

无定河流域产沙量变化的淤地坝效应分析

王随继1, 冉立山1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京 100101;
    2. 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2008-02-19 修回日期:2008-05-22 出版日期:2008-07-25 发布日期:2008-07-25
  • 作者简介:王随继(1966-),男,甘肃静宁人,博士,副研究员。从事沉积学、地貌学、水土保持等方面的研究工作。E-mail: wangsj@igsnrr.ac.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40771031)和中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所知识创新项目资助。

Analysis of dam effect on sediment yield in the Wudinghe River Basin

WANG Sui-ji1, RAN Li-shan1,2   

  1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2008-02-19 Revised:2008-05-22 Online:2008-07-25 Published:2008-07-25
  • Supported by:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40771031)和中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所知识创新项目资助。

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摘要：

无定河流域1971~1989年的年均流量、悬移质含沙量及输沙率比1954~1970年的明显变小,而月均水沙过程曲线也发生了明显变化。上述水沙过程的变化受到1970年以来人类活动的强烈影响,而淤地坝建设是主因。为探讨淤地坝的减沙效应,提出淤地坝有效减沙面积这一概念,并拟合了动态变化的淤地坝有效减沙面积与年份之间的关系,发现该关系曲线与无定河流域各年代产沙量的变化情况相符。自1990年以来无定河流域淤地坝有效减沙面积呈明显递减趋势,导致了自上世纪90年代以来该流域的产沙量出现增大现象。为了抑制该流域的产沙量,势必需要加大淤地坝建设的力度。如果想使该流域的产沙量逐渐减少,则至少要使流域内年淤地坝有效减沙面积逐年增加。

关键词: 水沙变化, 淤地坝, 效应, 有效减沙, 无定河

Abstract:

The mean annual discharge, sediment concentration and sediment delivery ratio in the period from 1970 to 1989 are evidently smaller than that in the period from 1954 to 1970. The relations between monthly mean discharge and sediment concentration are different comparing the two periods of time. These phenomena have been influenced by human activities in which the dam building has been the dominant factor since 1970. To discuss the dam effect on decrease of sediment yield a concept of efficient area of dams was advanced. The relation between the annual efficient area of dams and years was fitted. The results show that the varying trend of the relation curve is coincident with the variation of the sediment yield in the decade's distribution. Since 1990 the increase of the sediment yield has resulted in evident decrease of the efficient area of the dams in the Wudinghe River basin. It is necessary to build dam largely and rapidly for restraining the increase of sediment yield in the river basin. If we want the annual sediment yield in the river basin gradually decrease, the annual efficient area of dams must be gradually increased year by year.

Key words: variety of discharge and sediment load, silt arrested dam, effect, efficient decrease of sediment yield, Wudinghe River