地理研究 ›› 2008, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 1340-1346.doi: 10.11821/yj2008060013

• 环境与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市小麦籽粒的重金属含量及其健康风险分析

李晓燕1,2, 陈同斌1, 谭勇壁3, 付本田4, 杨 军1, 宋 波1, 杨苏才1, 谢云峰1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所环境修复中心,北京 100101;
    2. 贵州师范大学地理与生物科学学院,贵阳 550001;
    3. 广西大学农学院,南宁 540004;
    4. 秦皇岛市城市管理局绿港污泥处理厂,河北 秦皇岛 066000
  • 收稿日期:2008-04-08 修回日期:2008-09-19 出版日期:2008-11-25 发布日期:2008-11-25
  • 作者简介:李晓燕(1966-),女,湖北人,教授。主要从事区域环境质量评价研究。E-mial:lxyan421@163.com *通讯作者 : 陈同斌(1963-),研究员,博士生导师。E-mail :chentb@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-YW-06)

Concentrations and risk of heavy metals in grain of wheat grown in Beijing

LI Xiao-yan1,2, CHEN Tong-bin1, TAN Yong-bi3, FU Ben-tian4, YANG Jun1, SONG Bo1, YANG Su-cai1, XIE Yun-feng1   

  1. 1. Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101,China;
    2. School of Geographic and Biologic Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China;
    3. Agricultural College, Guangxi University,Nanning 540004, China;
    4. Green Port Sludge Treatment Plant, Qinhuangdao City Administrative Bureau, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
  • Received:2008-04-08 Revised:2008-09-19 Online:2008-11-25 Published:2008-11-25
  • Supported by:

    中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-YW-06)

摘要:

为评价北京市小麦重金属含量及其健康风险,采集北京市现有小麦种植区土壤和小麦籽粒对应样品68份,分析其重金属含量,并估算消费导致重金属摄入量。结果表明:北京市麦地土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的平均值分别为7.46、0.165、37.8、20.3、24.2、14.3和70.1mg/kg,处于比较清洁水平。这说明小麦种植这种土地利用方式并不会导致土壤重金属升高。小麦籽粒中重金属含量,除Cr与食品卫生标准限值没有显著性差异外,其他元素均显著低于相应标准限值。普通人群通过小麦制品消费,As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的摄入量分别为0.005、0.004、0.136、0.994、0.041、0.024、4.75mg/人 · d。北京小麦种植的主要4个区中,顺义产小麦的Cr、Cu、Ni和Pb导致的重金属摄入量高于其他3个区,房山产小麦导致的重金属摄入量最低。对于普通人群而言,通过小麦和蔬菜摄入重金属没有明显风险。

关键词: 北京市, 土壤, 小麦, 重金属

Abstract:

Soil and wheat samples in wheat-planted area in Beijing were collected for assessing the concentration and health risk of heavy metals.The results show that the average concentrations of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in the soils from wheat fields are 7.4, 0.165, 37.8, 20.3, 24.2, 14.3 and 70.1 mg/kg, respectively, which are lower than the baseline concentration of soil from Beijing. It shows that planting wheat did not definitely increase the concentrations of heavy metals in soil. The average concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in wheat are 0.032, 0.031, 0.967, 7.05, 0.293, 0.17 and 33.7 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn are significantly less than the maximum levels of Food Hygiene Standards of China, and there is no significant difference between Cr concentration in wheat and the maximum Cr level of Food Hygiene Standards. Among the heavy metals, the accumulating ability of wheat for Zn is the best and that of As is the weakest.The average intake rates of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn from wheat for people lived in Beijing are 0.005, 0.004, 0.136, 0.994, 0.041, 0.024 and 4.75 mg/(person day) and there is no significant risk caused by heavy metals intake for common residents in Beijing from staple and vegetables according to the average concentrations of metals and the average consumption.Among the districts of Shunyi, Fangshan, Daxing and Tongzhou, the largest wheat planted areas in Beijing, the average intake rates of Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb in wheat from Shunyi District are higher than those from the other three districts, while the average heavy metal intake rate of wheat from Fangshan is the lowest.

Key words: Beijing, health risk, heavy metal, intake, soil, wheat