地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 419-429.doi: 10.11821/yj2009020016

• 经济与区域发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国交通通达度评价:从分县到分省

封志明1, 刘 东1,2, 杨艳昭1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101;
    2. 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2008-05-16 修回日期:2008-10-17 出版日期:2009-03-25 发布日期:2009-03-25
  • 作者简介:封志明(1963-),男,河北平山人,研究员。主要从事国土资源优化配置与区域可持续发展研究工作,旁及资源科学理论探讨。E-mail:fengzm@igsnrr.ac.cn 刘东(1982-),男,山东泰安人,博士研究生。研究方向为资源开发与区域发展。 E-mail:liud.07b@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-323)和国家人口发展战略研究项目(发规2008-1)资助

Evaluation of transportation ability of China: From county to province level

FENG Zhi-ming1, LIU Dong1,2, YANG Yan-zhao1   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2008-05-16 Revised:2008-10-17 Online:2009-03-25 Published:2009-03-25
  • Supported by:

    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-323)和国家人口发展战略研究项目(发规2008-1)资助

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摘要：

从自身交通设施保障程度和与外界交流联系便利程度两方面,采用公路密度、铁路密度、与公路距离等8个指标,构建了交通通达指数模型;运用GIS技术,以2005年为例,定量计算中国分县通达指数,集成中国分省通达指数,从分县和分省两个尺度评价了中国交通通达水平。结果表明:⑴ 从分县尺度看,中国县域交通通达水平高低两端差异悬殊,呈明显"纺锤形"结构,呈现由沿海逐渐向内陆递减趋势,贫困地区与城市化地区交通密度差距显著;⑵ 从分省尺度看,中国分省交通通达水平差异显著,地域分布呈现"东高西低"的空间格局;不同等级水平间通达指数差距明显,西部省份交通支撑能力和保障水平偏低。因此,应大力加快西部地区交通基础设施发展,实现地区间和谐发展。

关键词: 交通运输, 通达度, 通达指数, 中国, GIS

Abstract:

Taking transportation infrastructure level and transportation smooth degree to other regions into consideration, choosing 8 indexes, including road density, railway density and distance from the road, etc. , this paper established the transportation ability index model firstly. By using the model and geographic information system technology, this paper then systematically evaluated the transportation ability of China in 2005 at county and province levels, so as to bring some scientific references and policy-making supports to the transportation planning and population development planning of China. The results showed that: ⑴ at county level, the transportation ability of counties within China in 2005 was significantly different, demonstrating a spindle shape in general. The spatial distribution presented a tendency downward gradually from coastal regions to inland regions. Compared with poverty-stricken areas, the transportation ability of urban areas were much better, and the transportation density difference was notable. ⑵ at province level, the transportation ability of provinces in 2005 was also significantly different, presenting a distribution of "high in east, low in west" in general; Transportation density difference was also notable between different levels, and the transportation supporting ability of western provinces was inferior. Thus, our government should make great efforts to improve the transportation condition in western China, so as to narrow the economic development gap to realize the coordinated development within different regions of China.

Key words: transportation, transportation ability, transportation ability index, China, GIS