南京城市社会区空间结构——基于第五次人口普查数据的因子生态分析

doi:10.11821/yj2009020022

地理研究 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 484-498.doi: 10.11821/yj2009020022

南京城市社会区空间结构——基于第五次人口普查数据的因子生态分析

徐旳^1,2, 汪珠¹, 朱喜钢¹, 李唯²

1. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京 210093;
2. 美国亚利桑那州立大学地理学院,Tempe 85287-0104

收稿日期:2007-12-22 修回日期:2008-06-17 出版日期:2009-03-25 发布日期:2009-03-25
作者简介:徐旳(1978-),江苏南京人,南京大学与美国亚利桑那州立大学联合培养博士生。主要研究方向为城市与区域规划,E-mail:xudi402@hotmail.com
基金资助:
教育部国家建设高水平大学项目基金资助(2007100744)

The urban social areas in Nanjing: Analysis of the data based on the Fifth National Population Census

XU Di^1,2, WANG Zhu¹, ZHU Xi-gang¹, LI Wei²

1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
2. School of Geographic Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ85287-0104, U.S.A.

Received:2007-12-22 Revised:2008-06-17 Online:2009-03-25 Published:2009-03-25
Supported by:
教育部国家建设高水平大学项目基金资助(2007100744)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以人口普查数据为基础,利用城市因子生态分析手段,采用聚类分析方法,对南京城市社会区类型空间结构加以分析。结果表明影响2000年南京城市社会区形成的主因子有外来人口因子、农业人口因子、城市住宅因子、文化程度/职业状况因子和城市失业人口因子五个;将2000年南京城市社会区划分为六个主要类型。南京城市社会区空间分布呈现出明显的"三圈层"结构:城市本地户口居民集中分布的老城区、在老城区渐进蔓延基础上形成的中间圈层、城市远郊区为主的外围圈层;圈层内部的城市社会区空间分布以"圈层＋扇形"的复合结构为主。

关键词: 城市社会空间结构, 社会区, 因子分析, 南京

Abstract:

Urban socio-spatial structure in Western countries has been extensively analyzed since the 1940s. Shevky and Bell (1949) initiated social area analysis in the study of Los Angeles and San Francisco. In China, there have been many studies of the social structure of major cities using the Fifth National Population Census data at the subdistrict (jiedao) level recently. Chinese scholars carried out research in the cities of Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai, Nanchang and so on, but the research fruits of urban social areas on China's city are rather limited. This paper uses the factorial ecological analysis and cluster analysis (Ward's method) to explore the social spatial structure of Nanjing in 2000, based on the Fifth National Population Census data at the subdistrict (jiedao) level in Nanjing. The result reveals that major factors under consideration for the components of social structure in Nanjing include floating population, agriculture population, urban residential factor, educational degree and occupational status, as well as urban unemployed population factor. According to the factor scores in 2000, the city of Nanjing can be divided into six types of social areas: 1) higher socio-economic residential areas, located in the north part of the core area in Nanjing; 2) high population density, ordinary salary worker areas, located in the south part of the core area; 3) mixed areas of floating population and ordinary salary worker on city outskirts; 4) crowded floating population areas, located in the urban fringe; 5) outer subur-ban industrial areas; and 6) agricultural areas, located in the periphery area. The concept model of the urban social mosaic exhibits generally a zonal pattern with the synthesis of sector and zonal pattern. The inner ring-belt is the old core composed of the native residents. The middle ring-belt is transitional. The outer ring-belt is composed of the agricultural areas. We consider that the market-oriented reform, Nanjing urban planning, the history of the city development, and its physical geography are the main formation mechanism.

Key words: urban social structure, urban social areas, factorial ecology, Nanjing

徐旳, 汪珠, 朱喜钢, 李唯. 南京城市社会区空间结构——基于第五次人口普查数据的因子生态分析[J]. 地理研究, 2009, 28(2): 484-498.

XU Di, WANG Zhu, ZHU Xi-gang, LI Wei. The urban social areas in Nanjing: Analysis of the data based on the Fifth National Population Census[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2009, 28(2): 484-498.

参考文献

[1] Shevky E,Williams M.The social areas of Los Angeles.Los Angeles:University of Los Angeles Press,1949.3~5.

[2] 保罗·诺克斯,史蒂文·平奇.城市社会地理学导论.北京:商务印书馆,2005.100~101.

[3] Davies W K D.Factorial Ecology.Grower:Aldershot,1984.272~273.

[4] Bassand M.Urbanization:Apportionment of Space and Culture.Graduates School and University Center,CUNY,New York.1990.154~156.

[5] Johnston R J.Residential area characteristics:Research methods for identifying urban sub-areas-social area analysis and factorial ecology.n Herbert D and Johnston R.J.Social Areas in Cities.Wiley,London.1976.4~24.

[6] Zoltán Kovács.A City at the crossroads:Social and economic transformation in Budapest.Urban Studies,1994,31:1081~1096.

[7] Ludek Sykora.Changes in the internal spatial structure of post-communist Prague.GeoJournal, 1999,49:79~89.

[8] Abrahamson A J, Tobin M S, Vandergoot M R.The changing geography of metropolitan opportunity:The segregation of the poor in U.S. metropolitan areas,1970 to 1990.Housing Policy Debate,1995,6:45~72.

[9] Kempen R Van,Weesep J Van.Ethnic residential patterns in Dutch cities: Backgrounds,shifts and consequences.Urban Studies,1998,35:1813~1833.

[10] Bjrn H rsman.Ethnic diversity and spatial segregation in the Stockholm region.Urban Studies,2006,43:1341~1364.

[11] Izhak Schnell,Yoav Benjamini.Globalisation and the structure of urban social space:The Lesson from Tel Aviv. Urban Studies, 2005,42:2489~2510.

[12] Po-Fen Tai.Social polarisation:Comparing Singapore,Hong Kong and Taipei.Urban Studies,2005,43:1737~1756.

[13] Lo C P.Changes in the ecological structure of Hong Kong 1961-1971:A comparative analysis.Environment and Planning A,1975,7:941~963.

[14] Yeats M H,Garner B J.The North American City.New York:Harper & Row,1971,286~380.

[15] Carter H.The Study of Urban Geography.London:Edward Arnold,1981,238~287.

[16] Davies W K D,Murdie R A.Consistency and differential impact in urban social dimensionality:Intra-urban Variations in 24 metropolitan areas of Canada,Urban Geography, 1991,12(1):55~79.

[17] Mozolin M.The Geography of housing values in the transformation to a market economy:A case study of Moscow,Urban Geography,1994,15(2):107~127.

[18] Dangschat J, Blasius J.Social and spatial disparities in Warsaw in 1978:An appliaction of correspondence analysis to'Socialist’ city.Urban Studies,1987,24:173~191.

[19] 虞蔚.城市社会空间的研究与规划.城市规划,1986,10(6):25~28.

[20] 虞蔚.城市环境地域分异研究——以上海中心城为例.城市规划汇刊,1987,(2):54~62.

[21] 章英华.台湾都市的内部结构:社会生态的与历史的探讨.台北:巨流出版公司,1995.4.

[22] 许学强,胡华颖,叶嘉安.广州社会空间结构的因子分析研究.地理学报,1989,44(4):385~396.

[23] 郑静,许学强,陈浩光.广州市社会空间的因子生态再分析.地理研究,1995,14 (2):15~26.

[24] 冯健,周一星.北京都市区社会空间结构及其演化(1982~2000).地理研究,2003,22 (4):465~483.

[25] 顾朝林,王法辉,刘贵利.北京城市社会区分析.地理学报,2003,58 (6):917~926.

[26] 吴骏莲,顾朝林,黄瑛,等.南昌城市社会区研究.地理研究,2005,24(4):611~619.

[27] 宣国富,徐建刚,赵静.上海市中心城社会区分析.地理研究,2006,25(3):526~538.

[28] 周春山,陈素素,罗彦.广州市建成区住房空间结构及其成因.地理研究,2005,24(1):77~87.

[29] 周春山,刘洋,朱红.转型时期广州市社会区分析.地理学报,2006,61(10):1046~1056.

[30] 冯健.转型期中国城市内部空间重构.北京:科学出版社,2004.2.

[31] 吕拉昌,魏也华,林初升.中国城市地理研究的若干问题:海外学者的观点.人文地理,2006,88(2):67~71.

[32] 姚士谋.中国大都市的空间扩展.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1998.68~69.

南京城市社会区空间结构——基于第五次人口普查数据的因子生态分析

The urban social areas in Nanjing: Analysis of the data based on the Fifth National Population Census

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	罗桑扎西,甄峰. 基于手机数据的城市公共空间活力评价方法研究——以南京市公园为例[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(7): 1594-1608.
[2]	郝丽莎,王晓歌,乔文怡,张莉. 1936年以来南京城市空间扩展特征研究[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(4): 911-925.
[3]	范建双,虞晓芬,周琳. 南京市土地利用结构碳排放效率增长及其空间相关性[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(11): 2177-2192.
[4]	高金龙,袁丰,陈雯. 转型期城市制造业空间重构过程与机理——以南京市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(6): 1014-1028.
[5]	杜晓娟,甄峰,CAO Jason. 南京市居民购物行为的影响因素和空间效应——基于四种商品的对比研究[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(5): 957-971.
[6]	秦萧,甄峰. 信息渠道对城市居民迁居空间的影响——以南京为例[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(10): 1846-1856.
[7]	乔伟峰, 刘彦随, 王亚华, 陆昱颖. 2000年以来南京城市三维空间扩展特征[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(4): 666-676.
[8]	陈江龙, 高金龙, 徐梦月, 陈雯. 南京大都市区建设用地扩张特征与机理[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(3): 427-438.
[9]	席广亮, 甄峰, 汪侠, 秦萧. 南京市居民网络消费的影响因素及空间特征[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(2): 284-295.
[10]	湛东升, 孟斌, 张文忠. 北京市居民居住满意度感知与行为意向研究[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(2): 336-348.
[11]	陈梦远,徐建刚. 城市意象热点空间特征分析——以南京为例[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(12): 2286-2298.
[12]	高金龙,陈江龙,袁丰,魏也华,陈雯. 南京市区建设用地扩张模式、功能演化与机理[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(10): 1892-1907.
[13]	宋伟轩, 陈培阳, 徐旳. 内城区户籍贫困空间剥夺式重构研究——基于南京10843份拆迁安置数据[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(8): 1467-1476.
[14]	秦贤宏, 魏也华, 陈雯, 段学军. 南京都市区人口空间扩张与多中心化[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(4): 711-719.
[15]	肖琛, 陈雯, 袁丰, 程绍铂. 大城市内部连锁超市空间分布格局及其区位选择——以南京市苏果超市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(3): 465-475.