地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 625-633.doi: 10.11821/yj2009030007

• 环境与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

珠江三角洲城市群大气微生物优势种群及时空分异特征

郑芷青1, 谢小保2, 欧阳友生2, 王春华2, 曾海燕2, 陈仪本2   

  1. 1. 广州大学地理科学学院, 广州 510006;
    2. 广东省微生物研究所, 广州 510070
  • 收稿日期:2008-11-07 修回日期:2009-01-15 出版日期:2009-05-25 发布日期:2009-05-25
  • 作者简介:郑芷青(1950-),女,广东人,教授, 硕士生导师。主要从事城市生态学、自然地理学、植物地理学等教学与研究。E-mail:zzhiqing50@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    广东省科技攻关项目(No.2004b33301005)

Characteristics of the airborne microbes dominant population and spatio-temporal variation in urban agglomeration of the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong

ZHENG Zhi-qing1, XIE Xiao-bao2, OUYANG You-sheng2, WANG Chun-hua2, ZENG Hai-yan2, CHEN Yi-ben2   

  1. 1. School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
    2. Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
  • Received:2008-11-07 Revised:2009-01-15 Online:2009-05-25 Published:2009-05-25
  • Supported by:

    广东省科技攻关项目(No.2004b33301005)

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摘要： 用JWL-IIB新型固体撞击式多功能空气微生物采集仪,于2005至2007年,分别在春、夏、秋、冬不同的季节,对珠江三角洲8个城市(广州、深圳、珠海、佛山、江门、东莞、惠州、中山)的四个不同的功能区(交通枢纽、商业区步行街、居民区和工业区)161个样点,进行大气微生物采样、测定与时空分布规律初步研究,拟为珠江三角洲城市环境污染的综合防治和卫生防疫工作提供依据。研究结果表明:珠江三角洲城市群大气微生物真菌的优势种群有:曲霉属(Aspergillus)、青霉属(Penicillium)、枝孢属( Cladosporium)、芽枝霉属(Clodosporium)等,共19属21种,细菌的优势种群有芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)等,共4属15种。大气微生物含量在珠江三角洲城市群中广州和东莞较高,细菌比真菌含量高;室内较室外高,无绿化地较有绿化地高,大气微生物含量在全年中,春、夏季相对较高。

关键词: 珠江三角洲, 大气微生物, 种群特征, 时空分异

Abstract: This paper, based on the fieldwork and statistical analysis, discusses the issues for the airborne microbes population and spatio-temporal variation in the urban agglomeration of the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong. Using geographical and ecological method, it aims at studying public health and environmental protection in the urban Pearl River Delta. Air sampling and environmental factors were carried out synchronously in four functional areas (key traffic route, commercial pedestrian street, residential district and industrial district) in eight cities (Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Foshan, Jiangmen, Dongguan, Huizhou and Zhongshan) of the urban Pearl River Delta, Guangdong, in four different seasons from 2005 to 2007, with the aid of JWL-IIB Air-Borne Microbial Sampling Apparatus. The results are shown as follows: Firstly, the dominant population of fungi of airborne microbes has 19 genera and 21 species, such as Aspergillus sp. , Penicillium sp. , Cladosporium sp. , Clodosporium sp. and so on. The dominant population of bacteria has 4 genera and 15 species, including Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Exiguobacterium and Streptomyces. Secondly, the average content of airborne microbes(fungi and bacteria)in Guangzhou and Dongguan is higher than that of the other 6 cities in the urban Pearl River Delta, and the content of bacteria is higher than that of fugi. The average content of fungi and bacteria on the key traffic routes is higher than that of the other functional areas; outdoor content is higher than indoor content; the average content of airborne microbes in the areas without greenbelt is higher than in the areas with greenbelt; and the average content of airborne microbes is higher during spring and summer compared with the other two seasons. Finally, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, humidity, temperature, total suspended particulate (TSP), inhalable particles (PM10), population stream, vehicle stream and green space ratio are the important influencing factors of the average content of airborne microbes. Among them, average temperature and wind speed are the major factors affecting the content of atmospheric microorganism.

Key words: urban agglomeration of the Pearl River Delta, airborne microbes, dominant population, spatio-temporal variation, environmental factor