黄河黑山峡无植被区的地表组成物质遥感信息模型

doi:10.11821/yj2009040027

地理研究 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 1128-1135.doi: 10.11821/yj2009040027

黄河黑山峡无植被区的地表组成物质遥感信息模型

王树东, 杨胜天, 温志群, 曾红娟, 王玉娟

北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院;遥感科学国家重点实验室;北京市环境遥感与数字城市重点实验室;GIS与遥感中心,北京 100875

收稿日期:2008-07-17 修回日期:2008-11-27 出版日期:2009-07-25 发布日期:2009-07-25
作者简介:王树东(1973-),男,博士后。从事资源环境遥感研究。 E-mail:wangsd@bnu.edu.cn *通讯作者 : 杨胜天(1965-),男,博士,教授。主要从事自然地理、遥感和环境科学研究。 E-mail:yangshengtian@bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家科技支撑计划(2006BAB07);绿洲生态教育部省部共建重点实验室开放基金

Research on mass ingredient model based on remote sensing technology in non-vegetation area of Heishan Gorge basin

WANG Shu-dong, YANG Sheng-tian, WEN Zhi-qun, ZENG Hong-juan, WANG Yu-juan

State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science|Beijing Key Laboratory for Remote Sensing of Environment and Digital Cities|Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, School of Geography|Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2008-07-17 Revised:2008-11-27 Online:2009-07-25 Published:2009-07-25
Supported by:
国家科技支撑计划(2006BAB07);绿洲生态教育部省部共建重点实验室开放基金

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

下垫面物质组成是土壤侵蚀模型最主要的输入参数。应用遥感技术提取无植被地区下垫面物质组成信息对于研究大面积土壤侵蚀是非常重要的。黄河黑山峡地区地形复杂,加之裸土、沙漠和岩石光谱的相似性与复杂性,使遥感技术在该地区的应用受到限制,但是由于地形起伏、岩石风化及表面粗糙度等因素的影响,石质山地纹理明显。综合了光谱和纹理信息特征,本文提出光谱归一化方法,并将归一化的光谱与纹理信息相结合构建了石质山地指数(RMI),应用归一化光谱进一步得到沙漠指数(DI),实现石质山地、沙漠与裸土分离。结果表明,该方法提高了信息提取的精度。

关键词: 下垫面类型, 光谱与纹理, 遥感模型, 土壤侵蚀

Abstract:

It is very important to extract various kinds of underlying surfaces for soil erosion model because of various contributions of soil, vegetation, desert and rock under the same natural condition. Currently, traditional classification and information extraction methods based on remote sensing data have been widely applied in eco-hydrologic process field. But due to similarity and complexity of spectrums of soil, rock and desert, it was hard to distinguish soil, desert and rock in the same area. Rock land mountain, desert and soil mountain are widely distributed in the middle and upper reaches of Yellow River basin. In this paper, real spectrums of rock, soil and desert measured in lab using ASD (Analysis Spectrum Device) are analyzed, the result indicates that they could be well distinguished. On account of complex topographic changes and underlying surface roughness, spectrums from Landsat TM 5 become more complex and uncertain, but characteristics of surface texture of the rock land mountain are obvious and could be well differentiated from that of soil mountain and desert. For problem-solving of spectral complexity, normalized spectral index (NSI) is presented: NSI=(R₄+R₃+R₂-3×R₁)/(R₅-R₁)(R₁,R₂,R₃,R₄ and R₅ individually refer to reflectance of the Langsat TM bands from 1 to 5). Then, the rock land mountain index (RMI) is presented according to the characteristics of normalized spectral index and texture: RMI=(R₄+R₃+R₂-3×R₁)/(R₅-R₁)+R_t(R_t refers to homogeneity index of texture), and the result indicates that information extraction precision of rock land mountain is 82.7% through set of threshold. Finally, we analyze spectral normalized spectral information of desert and soil and establish desert-exposed soil difference model (DS-Def): =DS-Def=(R₄-R₁)/(R₅-R₁)+R₁+R₂, and the result indicates that desert information extraction precision is 73.1%, and that of exposed soil is 72.8%. The above results indicate that the information extraction precision is higher than that by methods of traditional classification.

Key words: heterogeneous underlying surface, spectrum and texture, remote sensing model, soil erosion

王树东, 杨胜天, 温志群, 曾红娟, 王玉娟. 黄河黑山峡无植被区的地表组成物质遥感信息模型[J]. 地理研究, 2009, 28(4): 1128-1135.

WANG Shu-dong, YANG Sheng-tian, WEN Zhi-qun, ZENG Hong-juan, WANG Yu-juan. Research on mass ingredient model based on remote sensing technology in non-vegetation area of Heishan Gorge basin[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2009, 28(4): 1128-1135.

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黄河黑山峡无植被区的地表组成物质遥感信息模型

Research on mass ingredient model based on remote sensing technology in non-vegetation area of Heishan Gorge basin

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