地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 1188-1196.doi: 10.11821/yj2009050005

• 地表过程研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

西安白鹿塬黄土渗透性与含水条件

赵景波1,2, 邵天杰1, 牛俊杰1   

  1. 1. 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西 西安 710062;
    2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西 西安 710075
  • 收稿日期:2009-02-16 修回日期:2009-06-10 出版日期:2009-09-25 发布日期:2009-09-25
  • 作者简介:赵景波(1953-),男,山东滕州人,博士,教授,博士生导师。从事第四纪与地理研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40672108);中国科学院黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室项目(SKLLQG0606)

Permeability and water-bearing conditions of loess in Bailu tableland in the eastern suburbs of Xi’an

ZHAO Jing-bo1,2, SHAO Tian-jie1, NIU Jun-jie1   

  1. 1. College of Tourism and Environment Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Earth Environment Institute, CAS, Xi'an 710075, China
  • Received:2009-02-16 Revised:2009-06-10 Online:2009-09-25 Published:2009-09-25
  • Supported by:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40672108);中国科学院黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室项目(SKLLQG0606)

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50 | 13

摘要：

为查明黄土与古土壤入渗特征和地下水富集条件,对西安白鹿塬中更新世黄土与古土壤进行了10个层位30余个实验点的入渗实验、孔隙度、磁化率与CaCO3含量的测定。结果表明,黄土层含水空间发育好,入渗率较大,利于构成含水层;黄土层与古土壤层入渗率与含水空间的差别主要是当时气候与成壤作用不同决定的。CaCO3结核具有致密的结构,常常是非常好的隔水层。将任家坡剖面渗水实验数据用三种入渗公式分别进行拟合得出,经常采用的三个经验公式中考斯加可夫能普遍适用于描述50万年来发育的黄土和古土壤层的入渗规律,计算结果为水文和农业部门应用黄土入渗经验公式提供了重要参考值。本文的研究拓宽了第四纪气候变化理论应用的新领域,表明更新世气候变化在黄土地层土壤水和地下水资源富集条件、富集规律和水资源开发利用研究中有重要应用价值。

关键词: 白鹿塬黄土, 入渗速率, 含水层与隔水层, 地下水富集规律

Abstract:

This paper studied seeping characteristics of loess, paleosol and the enrichment condition of groundwater by seeping experiments at 30 experimental points, magnetic susceptibility analysis, porosity and CaCO3 determination of 10 loess and paleosol layers in Middle Pleistocene on Bailu tableland. The result showed that loess layers with greater porosity developed well in water bearing space and were prone to form water-bearing layers. The paleosol with less porosity did not develop well in water bearing space and was prone to form a water-resisting layer. The difference between loess and paleosol in permeability and water bearing space is attributed to climatic difference and pedogenisis. Generally, CaCO3 concretion layer is a good water-resisting layer with its compact structure. The Koctakob formula in the three experience formulas is more fit for describing seeping rule loess and paleosol developed since 500 ka BP by seeping experience data of Bailu tableland. The average and standard deviation for every parameter of three experience formulas can provide important reference for hydrological and agricultural sector using the seeping experience formula. This study broadened a new application field of climatic change theory in Quaternary period. It is showed that studied results in climate change of the Pleistocene had important application value in soil and groundwater enrichment condition and rule, and utilization of water resources.

Key words: loess in Bailu tableland, infiltration rate, water-bearing layer and water-resisting layer, enrichment regularity of groundwater