1860s以来巢湖沉积物金属元素富集特点及其对人类活动的指示意义

doi:10.11821/yj2009050008

地理研究 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 1217-1226.doi: 10.11821/yj2009050008

1860s以来巢湖沉积物金属元素富集特点及其对人类活动的指示意义

贾铁飞¹, 张卫国², 俞立中^2,3

1. 上海师范大学地理系,上海 200234;
2. 华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海 200062;
3. 华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,上海 200062

收稿日期:2009-03-17 修回日期:2009-05-22 出版日期:2009-09-25 发布日期:2009-09-25
作者简介:贾铁飞 (1966-),男,河北邢台人,博士,教授。从事环境演变等方面的研究。E-mail:tfjia@shnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40771201); 上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目"地理学与城市环境" (J50402)

Metal element enrichment characteristics of sediments in Chaohu Lake since the 1860s and its implication to human activity

JIA Tie-fei¹, ZHANG Wei-guo², YU Li-zhong^2,3

1. Department of Geography, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;
3. School of Resources and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

Received:2009-03-17 Revised:2009-05-22 Online:2009-09-25 Published:2009-09-25
Supported by:
国家自然科学基金项目(40771201); 上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目"地理学与城市环境" (J50402)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据对巢湖CH1钻孔沉积物进行²¹⁰Pb比活度测试和粒度、磁学、金属元素分析,在推算沉积速率并建立沉积物年代学标尺的基础上,分析了沉积物金属元素富集与粒度组成和磁学特性间的关系。在对沉积物金属元素含量进行粒度校正后,发现大约自沉积速率推算年代1860s A.D.起,沉积物Cu、Zn元素开始出现非自然水平富集,是化石燃料高温燃烧、金属冶炼与机械制造等人为活动影响所致。这与始自1861年,以生产枪炮、弹药、火轮船为主的中国近代第一个兵工厂——安庆内军械所,在时间上与可能的金属污染性质上是完全一致的,说明巢湖沉积物金属元素的非自然水平富集,是对这一时期区域工业发轫与人类工业活动的沉积响应。

关键词: 巢湖, 金属元素分析, 人类活动影响, 环境变化

Abstract:

Sample core CH1 with a length of 141 cm was drilled in the deepest part of Chaohu Lake by the Gravity Impact Core Sampler, and divided into 113 sediment samples in which a set interval is applied to pick about every 1 cm or 2 cm. We carried out the test and analysis of the core CH1 on the specific activity of ²¹⁰Pb and ¹³⁷Cs, magnetic parameters, granularities and 14 indicators of metal elements such as Cu, Zn, Al, Fe and so on. Based on the above study, the deposition rate is extrapolated with the specific activity of ²¹⁰Pb and the chronological surveying rod of the deposit is built, then the relation between the enrichment of metal elements and the characters of granularity & magnetism is analyzed. It is found that there are remarkable correlations between the contents of metal elements such as Cu, Zn, Al, Fe and so on, and the value of clay contents, magnetic susceptibility, SIRM. According to grain-size effect correction of metal element contents with the mean value of metal element contents from the 10 samples at the bottom of core CH1 instead of soil background values of metal element around Chaohu Lake area, it is found that the contents of Cu and Zn in deposit have increased with unnatural levels since the 1860s AD. Based on the extrapolative age of deposition rate, which was closely related with the industrial activity such as the high temperature combustion of fossil fuel, metal smelting and machine facture and so on, it is thought that the result is caused by human activity impacts. This situation, not only temporarily but also in metal pollution characters, coincides with the establishment of Anqing Inner Armory in 1861, the first Chinese arsenal in modern time, which mainly produced firearm, ammunition and steamship. It is indicated that the enrichment of metal elements such as Cu, Zn and so on, with unnatural levels is the sedimentary response to the origin of Chaohu Lake regional industry in modern time and the human industrial activity.

Key words: Chaohu Lake, analysis of metal elements, human activity impacts, environmental change

贾铁飞, 张卫国, 俞立中. 1860s以来巢湖沉积物金属元素富集特点及其对人类活动的指示意义[J]. 地理研究, 2009, 28(5): 1217-1226.

JIA Tie-fei, ZHANG Wei-guo, YU Li-zhong. Metal element enrichment characteristics of sediments in Chaohu Lake since the 1860s and its implication to human activity[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2009, 28(5): 1217-1226.

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1860s以来巢湖沉积物金属元素富集特点及其对人类活动的指示意义

Metal element enrichment characteristics of sediments in Chaohu Lake since the 1860s and its implication to human activity

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