关键词: 可达性, 伽萨法则, 大卖场, 商圈划分

Abstract:

Recently most relative quantitative modeling studies on retail location, based on GIS technology, did not consider factors simultaneously including traffic network, traffic grade, store attraction and competition. Considering shortages mentioned above, this paper attempts to integrate these factors and make quantitative analysis of large scale shops based on accessibility method, Gasa laws and GIS technique. This study, taking the large scale supermarkets in Shanghai central city as an example, applies the concentric buffer method, sector analysis and nearest neighborhood analysis to explore the supermarket spatial features. Trip cost method is used to investigate quantitatively supermarket accessibility, then delimitating market area is simulated based on trip cost analysis and Gasa rules. The result indicates that the whole accessibility of large scale supermarkets in Shanghai central city is good, and the west is better than the east. Trade areas around the outer ring are greater. There is obvious polarization among Gasa shops' trade areas and size. The characteristics mentioned above show that areas with intense competition among supermarkets coexist with areas lack of supermarkets, and there are grade differences between supermarkets' market size and functions.This study can provide references for urban planners in the aspect of retail network arrangement. Managers can quickly understand the shop trade areas and provide consult for choosing shops location. Some tips for selection of retail locations can also be provided. Although our research suggests that we provide more effective methods toward trade area definition, several problems should be solved in future. Further studies should be done on demand, and purchase ability and residential trip habits from consumers shall be taken into consideration.

Key words: accessibility, Gasa laws, large scale supermarket, trade areas delimitation