137Cs示踪法土壤侵蚀量估算的本底值问题

doi:10.11821/yj2010070003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

¹³⁷Cs示踪法因能快速、相对简便地估算土壤侵蚀量而在土壤侵蚀定量研究中得到广泛应用。本底值获取是¹³⁷Cs示踪法的关键和基础。在具有空间异质性多因素综合作用下,本底值呈现高度的空间异质性。针对本底值空间变异性,从气候气象要素、地形、土壤属性、土地利用/覆被四个方面阐明各因素与本底值空间变异的作用机理。分析了当前¹³⁷Cs示踪法应用中在本底值获取时参考点存在性及选点的准确性、单个或几个本底值对研究区本底值的代表性和参考点采样设计。提出划分侵蚀测定单元、建立多本底值体系和进行地形校正解决当前¹³⁷Cs示踪法中本底值存在问题的对策。侵蚀测定计算单元的划分原则和方法、根据已有参考点的¹³⁷Cs本底值推算各单元¹³⁷Cs本底值的技术方法、定量化研究各因素对¹³⁷Cs的作用是今后需要深入的工作。

关键词: ¹³⁷Cs, 土壤侵蚀, 本底值, 空间变异, 修正

Abstract:

Soil erosion and its eco-environmental effects are important issues among environmental topics. Quantitative estimation or measurement of soil loss is one of the main fields in soil erosion researches. As a short-time consuming and relatively simple method, ¹³⁷Cs tracing technique was widely applied in quantitative estimation of soil loss caused by natural driving forces or human activities. Measurement of reference value is fundamental in estimating soil loss rate by the ¹³⁷Cs tracing method. Impacted by multi factors that intrinsically are of spatial heterogeneity, ¹³⁷Cs background fallout varied across landscapes. It was enucleated here how weather, topography, soil properties and land use/cover impacted spatial distribution of ¹³⁷Cs and strengthened its spatial variation. Meanwhile, existence of soil sample sites for ¹³⁷Cs references deposition value measurement and veracity of sample site selection were discussed. Based on the above analysis, a framework subdividing target area into humongous measurement units and employing hierarchical multi-reference system and topographical rectification were suggested as solutions for handling spatial heterogeneity of ¹³⁷Cs reference value. Further studies are needed to quantify the effect of each factor on spatial variation of ¹³⁷Cs reference fallout and to eventually establish principles and methods for subdividing measurement unit.

Key words: ¹³⁷Cs, soil erosion, reference value, spatial variation, rectification

刘宇,吕一河,傅伯杰,刘国华. ¹³⁷Cs示踪法土壤侵蚀量估算的本底值问题[J]. 地理研究, 2010, 29(7): 1171-1181.

LIU Yu, LV Yi-he, FU Bo-jie, LIU Guo-hua. Reference value of ¹³⁷Cs tracing technique in soil loss estimation: A spatial variation analysis[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2010, 29(7): 1171-1181.

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¹³⁷Cs示踪法土壤侵蚀量估算的本底值问题

Reference value of ¹³⁷Cs tracing technique in soil loss estimation: A spatial variation analysis

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