松嫩平原玉米带土壤有机质和全氮的时空变异特征

doi:10.11821/yj2011020006

地理研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 256-268.doi: 10.11821/yj2011020006

松嫩平原玉米带土壤有机质和全氮的时空变异特征

张春华^1,2, 王宗明¹, 任春颖¹, 张柏¹, 宋开山¹, 刘殿伟¹

1. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春 130012;
2. 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049

收稿日期:2010-02-26 修回日期:2010-07-12 出版日期:2011-02-20 发布日期:2011-02-20
通讯作者: 王宗明(1976-),男,内蒙赤峰人,研究员,博士,主要从事生态遥感信息、全球变化的区域响应研究。E-mail:zongmingwang@neigae.ac.cn E-mail:zongmingwang@neigae.ac.cn
作者简介:张春华(1984-),女,山东成武人,博士研究生。主要研究方向为资源环境遥感与GIS应用。 E-mail:zchqs@126.com
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目 (KZCX2-YW-341) ;国家自然科学基金项目 (40901096,40871187) ;吉林省科技发展计划项目 (20080128) ;国家重点基础研究发展计划资助 ( 2009CB421103)

Temporal and spatial variations of soil organic and total nitrogen in the Songnen Plain maize belt

ZHANG Chun-hua^1,2, WANG Zong-ming¹, REN Chun-ying¹, ZHANG Bai¹, SONG Kai-shan¹, LIU Dian-wei¹

1. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, CAS, Changchun 130012, China;
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2010-02-26 Revised:2010-07-12 Online:2011-02-20 Published:2011-02-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用地统计学和GIS相结合的方法,研究了松嫩平原玉米带1980~2005年间土壤有机质和全氮的时空变异特征。结果表明:去除异常值后,土壤有机质和全氮均符合对数正态分布,两个时期土壤有机质的平均含量分别为2.14%和2.54%,土壤全氮的平均含量均为0.12%。通过变异函数分析,两个时期土壤有机质和全氮均符合高斯模型,1980年土壤有机质和全氮的最大相关距离分别为532.6km和776.1km,而2005年二者的最大相关距离分别减小为269.7km和242.1km。1980年土壤有机质和全氮的空间变异受人为因素影响较小,2005年土壤有机质具有中等的空间变异性,全氮仍具有强烈的空间自相关性,但比1980年有所减弱。通过普通Kriging法局部插值,两个时期土壤有机质和全氮的空间分布呈现出非常相似的"高"和"低"含量区域,并具有明显的地理分布规律,整体保持着中部地区高、边缘地区低的分布特征。旱田、水田、林地和草地四种主要土地利用类型的有机质含量均有不同程度的提高;水田和林地的全氮含量有所提高,但旱田和草地变化不大。

关键词: 土壤有机质和全氮, 地统计学方法, 时空变异, 松嫩平原玉米带

Abstract: Temporal and spatial variations of soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN) contents in the Songnen Plain maize belt for a 25-year period (1980-2005) were evaluated using geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS). Results show that SOM and TN contents were log-normally distributed after excluding the outliers. The average content of SOM in 1980 and 2005 was 2.14% and 2.54%, respectively. The average content of TN was 0.12% in two periods. By performing experimental semivariograms analysis, SOM and TN were best fitted to Gaussian models in 1980 and 2005. The maximum correlative distance of major SOM and TN in contents was 532.6 km and 776.1 km in 1980, but it reduced to 269.7 km and 242.1 km in 2005 respectively. The spatial variability of the contents of SOM and TN was mainly affected by structural factors in 1980. SOM had a moderate spatial variability in 2005 and TN had a weaker spatial autocorrelation compared with that in 1980. The maps of SOM and TN were interpolated using the method of ordinary kriging. Their spatial distributions were very similar to the "high" and "low" content area in two periods, and had obvious geographical distribution with a high content in the central region and a low content in the marginal region. SOM contents increased in different extents in the upland, paddy land, woodland and grassland during 1980-2005, and TN contents increased in the paddy land and woodland. However, TN contents of the upland and grassland remained essentially unchanged.

Key words: soil organic matter and total nitrogen, geostatistics, temporal and spatial variability, Songnen Plain maize belt

张春华, 王宗明, 任春颖, 张柏, 宋开山, 刘殿伟. 松嫩平原玉米带土壤有机质和全氮的时空变异特征[J]. 地理研究, 2011, 30(2): 256-268.

ZHANG Chun-hua, WANG Zong-ming, REN Chun-ying, ZHANG Bai, SONG Kai-shan, LIU Dian-wei. Temporal and spatial variations of soil organic and total nitrogen in the Songnen Plain maize belt[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2011, 30(2): 256-268.

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松嫩平原玉米带土壤有机质和全氮的时空变异特征

Temporal and spatial variations of soil organic and total nitrogen in the Songnen Plain maize belt

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